Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
O Amp & Prosth
notes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| causes of LE amputations | peripheral vascular dx (abt 2/3 related to DM), trauma, tumor, congenital, ratio of male to female is 3:1 |
| causes of UE amputations | trauma, congenital limb defect, CA |
| surgical goals | preserve limb, provide wt bearing surface for prosthesis, promote wound healing, remove devitalized tissue |
| amputation levels | hip disarticulation (2%), transfemoral (AK 32.6%), knee disarticulation (mostly kids .7%), transtibial (BK 53.8%), symes (2.6%), partial foot |
| removal of first toe... | causes probs w/brisk walking or running |
| removal of second toe... | causes hallux valgus |
| Syme | disarticulation @ ankle- remove malleoli & attach heel pad to end of tibia |
| transtibial | BK |
| knee disarticulation | good for kids, saves epiphysis |
| transfemoral | AK-greater chance of healing w/PVD but decreased gait ability, watch for hip flex contracture, may also get abd contracture |
| hemipelvectomy | limb plus lower half of pelvis |
| hemicorporectomy | both limbs plus most of pelvis below L4, mostly caused by CA |
| temp prosthesis | fitted immediately after procedure-psychological benefits, more basic, not custom fit |
| permanent prosthesis | takes several months-limb size changes a lot 1st year |
| most prosthesis... | endoskeletal |
| exoskeletal | outer lamination structure, more heavy duty, heavy pt, heavier, non-alignable, like a Barbie doll, cheaper |
| SACH (solid ankle cushioned heel) | inexpensive, light prosthetic foot, good for most pts, internal design, solid ankle (wood), cushion heel-facilitates dorsiflex (soft rubber), no ant spring |
| multiaxis | prosthetic foot for athlete, does inversion & eversion. can be used for hiking, running, skiing, etc |
| soft socket/interface | insert make of silicone. good for PVD-protects area from friction & compression. creates suction so is used as a type of suspension. called "gel liner", limb cushioning, variety of materials/silicone gel, better for normal changes in limb volume |
| hard socket/interface | easier to clean, use w/socks, not as comfortable, better for big fluctuations in limb size, simple alternative, variety of socks made of cotton or wool, socks often referred to as "ply" |
| PTB (patellar tendon bearing) | wt bearing of patellar tendon (20%)/tibial flares (60% med>lat) & rest is total contact |
| total contact | made from mold of limb. goal is to bear wt thru out entire prosthesis but mainly patellar tendon |
| PTB | design of socket hugs the leg & holds it on. combined w/a neoprene sleeve. proper fit allow user not to wear straps |
| PTB supracondylar | high medially & laterally for pt having trouble keeping prosthesis on with PTB |
| PTB supracondylar suprapatellar | high medial, lateral & ant. also has suprapatellar bar (if pt is still having problem keeping prosthesis on with supracondylar this is the next step) |
| proximal sleeve suspension | elastic sleeve, cosmetic, variety of materials, needs replacement, no pistoning |
| supracondylar suspension w/o sleeve | forms over femoral condyles, removable wedge, foam wedge, bulky at the knee, shorter limb lengths |
| sleeve pin suspension | cushion or elastic sleeve, custom or off the shelf, distal pin locks, extra length for mech, most often used |
| TF suspension | wt bearing is ishial tuberosity, harder for AK amputees to maintain stability than is for BK. |
| goals of TF suspension | 1)achieve med/lat stability 2)keep knee stable in stance phase |
| wt bearing for TF suspension | ischial tuberosity |
| quadrilateral socket (better for early prosthetic users w/longer residual limb) | post flare for ischial tub, limb positioned in slight ADD which enhances glute med, slight flex enhances glute max, total contact socket which enhances venous return, ischial/glute wt bearing, older design (1950s) |
| ischial containment (better for active users w/short limb) | total contact & WB is on sides & bottom, places hip in slight flex to facilitate hip ext, also newer socket type is Comfortflex, more flexible & adapts to body contours, newer design (1980s), stabilizes femur in ABD, usually fewer gait dev |
| total suction socket | hard to fit due to fluctuating limb size but best type, can be a "wet fit" w/lotion or dry fit w/sock |
| semisuction socket | partial suction w/also some other type of suspension like a belt |
| no suction socket | socket has hole at the end so no suction possible-belt needed. a looser fit but easy to don/doff |
| suction suspension | socket smaller than leg, residuum pulled into socket, air valve, just enough to hold leg, difficult to don |
| locking prosthetic knee | automatically locks when pt stands or pt manual locks |
| braking prosthetic knee | friction knees-uses wt activated friction to control deceleration into swing phase. also lots of stance phase stability |
| polycentric prosthetic knee | very cosmetic but not as stable but allows for knee rotation. leg shortens w/swing through. good for knee disarticulation. can also be cadence dependent so faster gait results in increased resistance to flex & ext |
| single axis knee | knee is stable, pt not as stable |
| braking knee | extremely unstable pt |
| polycentric knee | athlete |
| single axis knee | single pivot, inexpensive, adjustable knee friction, extension aid, variety of control units |
| braking knee | single axis w/brake, locks when loaded, momentary instability, majority of pts, not for more active pts |
| polycentric knee | moving knee center, variable stability, more cosmetic, toe clearance, more mechanisms, variety of types |
| manual locking knee | locks out when standing, "stiff legged" gait, transfering, max stability, post-op or geriatric |
| neuromas | nerve keeps growing w/nowhere to go, just makes painful nerve ball |
| phantom limb pain | (70%)-can be caused by neuroma-pn meds-better in time |
| phantom limb sensations | still "feels like" limb is there-tend to get better in time |
| joint contractures | common-need to be managed quickly |
| most common contractures for AK | hip flex, abd |
| most common contracture for BK | knee ext |
| AK doesn't have... | functional quad, can contract but not use (no quad sets- still do glute sets tho) |
| why is compression bandaging important for all amputees | reduce edema, controls pn, enhances wound healing, protects incision, shapes & desensitizes limb |
| transtibial | 4-6 weeks outpatient PT |
| transfemoral | 6-12 weeks outpatient PT |
| temp prosthesis | 4-5 weeks after amputation |
| provide permanent prosthesis | 3-6 months post-op |
| replacement prosthesis | every 4-5 years |
Created by:
jessigirrl4
Popular Physical Therapy sets