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matter and energy
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space. |
mass | describes the amount of matter in an object. |
weight | a measure of the gravitational force. |
volume | the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies. |
density | a measure of the amount of mass given volume. |
physical property | a characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance. |
chemical property | describes a substance's ability to change into a new substance with different properties. |
physical change | a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance. |
chemical change | occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties. |
law of conservation of mass | states that in ordinary chemical and physical charges, mass is not created or destroyed but is only transformed into different substances. |
atom | are the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element. |
element | made up of one or more of the same kind of atom chemically combined |
compound | made up of different kinds of atoms chemically combined. |
mixture | contains a variety of elements and compounds that are not chemically combined with each other. |
pure substance | elements and compounds |
heterogeneous | mixture is one that does not have a uniform composition |
homogeneous | mixture |
solid | substance has a definite volume and shape |
liquid | substance has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
gas | does not have a definite volume or shape |
freezing | the change in state in which liquid becomes a solid. |
melting | this change of state from solid to a liquid. |
evaporating | some particles gain enough energy that they escape from the surface of the liquid to a gas. |
boiling | a rapid change from a liquid to a gas, or vapor. |
condensation | this change of state from a gas to a liquid. |
sublimation | the change from a solid state directly into a gas. |
deposition | is the change in state from a gas directly to a solid. |