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Agri. & Rural Land..
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Primary Economic Activities | those activities where natural resources are extracted from the earth. Ex: Fishing, mining and farming. |
| Extensive vs. Intensive Agriculture | Extensive is an agricultural production system that uses small inputs of labor, fertilizers, and capital, relative to the land area being farmed. Intensive is the opposite. |
| The Boserup Hypothesis | Population growth compels subsistence farmers to consider new farming approaches that produce enough food to take care of the additional people. |
| Commercial Agriculture | Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm. |
| Agriculture | The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance of economic gain. |
| Capital-Intensive Vs. Labor-Intensive Agriculture | labor intensive means use of manpower in production with little of technology while capital intensive means use of technology in production of a unit of output |
| Industrial Revolution's Effect on Agriculture | Farming produced more goods and needed fewer people. |
| Commercial Livestock Production | devotes nearly all land area to growing crops but derives more than three fourths of its income from the sale of animal products. |
| Origins of Agriculture | Originated when humans domesticated plants and animals for their use. |
| Intensive Subsistence Agriculture | A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land. |
| The Green Revolution | The introduction of pesticides and high-yield grains and better management during the 1960s and 1970s which greatly increased agricultural productivity. |
| Commercial Grain Farming | sell their output to manufacturers of food products. |
| Hunting and Gathering | Societies that rely primarily or exclusively on hunting wild animals, fishing, and gathering wild fruits, berries, nuts, and vegetables to support their diet. |
| Extensive Subsistence Agriculture | consists of any agricultural economy in which the crops and/or animals are used nearly exclusively for local or family consumption on large areas of land and minimal labor input per acre |
| Negative Impacts of the Green Revolution | Disparity in consumption of fertilizers, destruction of useful microorganisms, insects and worms in soil, Imbalance in nutrient status, Environmental degradation, and Pollution with heavy metals and pesticide chemicals |
| Tropical Plantations | usually large farm or estate, on which cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, or the like is cultivated, usually by resident laborers. the establishment of a colony or new settlement. |
| Fertile Crescent | crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi-arid Western Asia, and the Nile Valley and Nile Delta of northeast Africa. |
| Transhumance | The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. |
| Maladaptive Diffusion | diffusion of an idea or innovation that is not suitable for the environment in which it diffused into (e.g., New England-style homes in Hawaii, or Ranch-style homes in northeast US). |
| Mixed and Specialty Crop Farming | market gardens produce mixed and specialty crops. Truck farming involves large-scale production of particular fruits or vegetables for sale in climate regions where that particular product cannot be grown |
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