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Cold War
Cold War Terms and Names 2014 Franchetti
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cold War | Political tension after World War 11 between the US and Soviet Union |
Satellites | A nation politically dominated by another |
The Iron Curtain | A political Barrier isolating Eastern Bloc countries and Western Bloc countries. |
Containment | Truman administration policy designed to prevent the spread of communism |
Marshall Plan | A European aid program that restores the confidence of European people in the economic future of their own countries. USSR did not join. |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty organization between Belgium, GB, Canada , Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands Portugal, US, Greece, Turkey, W. Germ. Agreement= "Attack one is like attacking all" |
Warsaw Pact | Alliance between USSR and the eastern European satellites in response to NATO. Purpose= strengthen soviet hold on satellites. |
Peaceful Coexistence | Khrushchev policy in which the Soviet Union competed with the US but avoided war/open confrontation. |
Dissidents | People who criticize, disagree with, or oppose government policy. |
De-Stalinization | A reversal of Stalin's policy (but kept five year plan and collective farming) |
Josip Broz Tito | Popular Leader of Yugoslavia who was communist but resisted soviet domination. Led resistance against Nazis and was equally nationalist and communist. |
Brezhnev Doctrine | The principle that was basis for relations between USSR and satellites for 20 years consisting of the government declaring soviets right to intervene in communist states to counter anti-communist uprisings. |
Welfare State | A social system in which the state assumes responsibility for the well-being of its citizens. |
Clement Attlee | Prime minister of Britains new labour party. He continued War time restrictions to improve economy. |
Charles de Gaulle | leader of the French resistance in ww11, called from retirement head emergency government. Created fifth French republic by creating a people-elected presidency. "Gaullist union" Allowed free African colonies. |
Konrad Adenauer | The leader of Christian democracies in western Germany, who created first w. Germany government. Capitalist economy. Strong leader devoted to western alliance, European unity and reunification of Germany. |
Common Market | France, Italy, W. ermany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg all signed treaty of Rome creating Common Market AKA European Economic Community which abolished tarrifs and formed a single economic market. |
domino theory | the belief that if one nation becomes communist, nearby nations will also become communist. |
Boat People | Refugees from southeast asia who fled the area in crowded, often un-seaworthy, boats from 1975-1979 |
Détente | The lessening of tensions between the US and USSR in 1972 |
Glasnost | Referrring to the Soviet Policy of openness and freedom of expression under Gorbachev |
Perestroika | "Restructuring" Referring to the rebuilding of the soviet economy and society under Gorbachev |
Mikhail Gorbachev | he freed Sakharov from exile in gorki. to transform society he exposed hidden problems of the society. Rebuilt Soviet Economy. "Quality instead of quantity" Limited power of Communism. |
Boris Yeltsin | Rival of Gorbachev. Perestroika "moving too slow" won election to presidency of Russian Republic. Commonwealth of Independent States took the place of the USSR. No more USSR! |
Stalemate | a situation in which further action by either of two opponents is impossible; deadlock |
Developing country | a poor, mostly agricultural nation with a very low gross domestic product. Ex: India, Thailand |
Developed Country | A nation with a high level of industrialization. Ex: Japan, Australia |
Macarthur | Head of the Supreme Command of the Allied Powers which governed Japan after world war 1. Determined not to plant seeds of future war. |
George C. Marshall | Secretary of state in the US who decided that the US would take the place in defending the eastern Mediterranean from communism when GB had to drop out. |
Chiang Kai-Shek | Leader of Western-Backed nationalist forces, who lost, retreated to the island of Taiwan with 2 million others, where they established The Republic of China at Taipei. |
Breshnev | Communist leader who kept strong grip on the soviet society and bloc. Sought closer ties to the west. Foreign policy was détente. |
Protectionism | The use of trade quotas, tariffs, or other methods of restricting trade for the purpose of helping industries in the home country. |