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M & E Vocab part 1

Flashcards for part 1 of motivation and emotion

TermDefinition
Instincts a fixed pattern of behavior in response to certain stimuli
Achievement Motivation an individual's desire for significant accomplishment, mastering of skills, control, or high standards
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs says that our actions are motivated in order to achieve certain needs. it suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs.
Motivations the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.
Drive Reduction Theory clark hull; an explanation for motivation that focuses on maintaining homeostasis, or a sense of equilibrium.suggests that we have needs to fulfill, and drives (motivation) to get it, and we will do whatever we can to fulfill those needs.
James-Lange Theory of Emotion suggests that emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to events. your emotional reaction depends on how you interpret those physical reactions. ex. see bear, heart begins to race
Lateral Hypothalamus part of hypothalamus; concerned with hunger; causes a desire to eat; if destroyed, we will stop eating
Secondary Drives an acquired drive not directly related to satisfying physiological requirements
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion Walter Cannon and Philip Bard; we feel emotions and have physiological reactions such as sweating, trembling and muscle tension simultaneously. emotions result when the thalamus sends message to the brain in response to a stimulus=physiological reaction.
Set-point Theory the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight.
Opponent-Process Theory of Emotion emotional reactions to a stimulus are followed by opposite emotional reactions.
Two-Factor Theory the interaction between physical arousal and how we cognitively label that arousal. In other words, simply feeling arousal is not enough; we also must identify the arousal in order to feel the emotion.
Primary Drives unlearned; found in all animals and humans; motivates behavior that is vital to the survival of the individual/species; hunger, thirst, sex, sleep, BR needs
Arousal Theory each individual has an optimal level of arousal (alertness, paying attention) that varies from one situation to the next; maintained by desire at that moment; may affect your performance
General Adaptation Syndrome term used to describe the body's short-term and long-term reactions to stress
Incentives external stimulus that motivates behavior; do not need to be aware of it to happen; does not have to be primary or an active, cognitive secondary drive; ex: bakery
Approach-Approach Conflict Conflict whereby one must choose between two desirable or attractive goals
Obesity the state of being overweight
Intrinsic Motivators refers to behavior that is driven by internal rewards. In other words, the motivation to engage in a behavior arises from within the individual because it is intrinsically rewarding
Approach-Avoidance Conflict when there is one goal or event that has both positive and negative effects or characteristics that make the goal appealing and unappealing simultaneously
Bulimia engage in binge eating and purging behaviors. What this means is that a person will have episodes during which they eat tremendous amounts of food (usually foods that are high in calories) and then go vomit or use laxatives to lose weight
Extrinsic Motivators engaging in a behavior in order to earn external rewards or avoid punishments
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict psychological conflict that results when a choice must be made between two undesirable alternatives
Anorexia eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat an adequate amount of food. Anorexics often have a distorted body image and intense fear of gaining weight
Created by: 00830393
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