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Antibiotics

VM 607

QuestionAnswer
Metronidazoles Nitroimidazoles - DNA damaging
Rifampin Rifamycins- RNA synthesis inhibitor
Enfrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, marbofloxacin, orbafloxacin Floroquinolones - DNA replication inhibitors
Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurnas - energy production pathway
Trimethoprim, ormetoprim Diaminopyrimidines - folic acid pathway
Sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine Sulfonamides - folic acid pathway
Chloramphenicol, florfenicol Phenicols - 50 s protein synthesis inhibitor
Lincomycin, clindamycin, pirlimycin Lincosamides - 50s protein synthesis inhibitor
Erythromycin, spiramycin, tulathromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin Macrolides - 50 s protein synthesis inhibitors
Tetracycline, oxytetracyclin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline Tetracylines- 30 s protein synthesis inhibitor
Streptomycin, spectinomycin, neomycin, gentamicin, amikacin Aminoglycosides - 30 s protein synthesis inhibitors
Bacitracin Bacitracin - cell wall synthesis inhibitor
Polymyxin B Polymyxins - cell membrane disruptor
Vancomycin Glycopeptides - inhibits cell wall synthesis
Aztreonam Monbactams - B-lactam group
Imipenem Carbapenems - B-lactam group
Clavulanic acid, sulbactam B-lactamase inhibitors - B-lactam group
Ceftiofur, ceftazidime, cefovecin, ceftriaxone 3rd generation cephalosporins
Cefuroxime, cefotetan 2nd generation cephalosporins
Cefazolin, cephalexin, cephaloridine 1st generation cephalosporins
Ticarcillin, pipercillin Extended spectrum penicillins
Methacillin, oxacillin B lactamase resistant penicillins
Amoxicillin, ampicillin Aminopenicillins
Penicillin G, penicillin V Basic penicillin
Inactivated by acidic environment Penicillin, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides
Mineral interactions Floroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides
Allergies Penicillins, cephalosporins, nitrofurans, sulfonamides
Poor tissue penetration Penicillin, aminoglycosides, nitrofurans
Mycoplasma treatment Macrolides, tetracycline, floroquinolone (back up)
Poor oral bioactivity Penicillin, sulbactam, bacitracin, aminoglycosides (except neomycin)
Bone marrow toxicity Chloramphenicol, rifampin
Banned in food animals Banned: Vancomycin, chloramphenicol, rifampin, metronidazole, nitrofuran. Banned-off label: Cephalosporin, floroquinolones, sulfonamides (dairy cattle). Aminoglycosides - vet med ban
Neurotoxicity Floroquinolone and metronidazole
Teratogenic Metronidazole, rifampin, vancomycin
NOT empirical Extended Spectrum pen, Carbapenems, Monobactams, Glycopeptides, Fluoroquinolones, Nitrofurans
Created by: Cocovet
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