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Neuro disorders
Stack #14886
Question | Answer |
---|---|
s/sx of withdrawal | tremors, autonomic imbalance (N/V), delirium tremors (hallucinations, fever, tachycardia, sweating), sz, disordered perceptions, coma |
Pathology: Wernicke Encephalopathy | deterioration of brain, changes PAG of 3/4th ventricles; mammillary bodies; thalamus; cbllm |
Clinical features of Wernicke Enceph | oculomotor disturbance (ptosis, B 6th CN palsy, nsytagmus; ataxia with broad based gait; acute dementia |
Korsakoff's psychosis | selective memory loss, loss of some past memory, signif loss of recent memory, confabulation |
RX of WE | thiamine, balance electrolytes, nutrition |
Polyneuropathy | distal to prox; LE> UE; symmetrical, motor, sensory, reflex changes; related to vit B deficiency; slow / incomplete recovery; severe dysesthesias |
Cerebellar degeneration | typical motor s/sx affecting trunk/LE; degeneration in ant lob/upper part of vermis; develops in alcoholics w/ severe sensitivity to alcohol |
Cerbral Cortical Atrophy | cortical atrophy w/ dementia, ventricular enlargement |
central pontine myelinolysis | demyelination of center of pons |
clinical features of Central Pontine Myelinolysis | severe ataxia, dysarthria, CN palsy, impairment of consciousness |
Excitotoxin theory (ALS) | overactivity of glutamate sys. Norm AA --> glutamate, attach to Ca channels |
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy | chronic degenerative dz involving substantia nigra, locus ceruleus, other loss of cells in BG, BS |
clinical features of PSP | Parkinsonian bradykinesis/rigidity, loss of vertical gaze, increased DTR's, dysphagia/dysarthria, dystonic neck, mild dementia |