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science test cells
cell structure and function
Question | Answer |
---|---|
One of the first people to observe cells | Robert Hooke |
Discovered one celled organism | Leeuwenhoek |
Concluded that all plants are made up of cells | Schleiden |
Discovered all living things are made of cells | Schwann |
Proposed that all cells come from cells | Virchow |
Ability to make things look larger than they are | Magnification |
Ability to clearly distinguish | Resolution |
THe basic unit of structure and function in living things | Cell |
Any instrument that makes small objects look larger | Microscope |
A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things | Cell theory |
Are tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell | Organelles |
Rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and other organisms | Cell wall |
Forms the outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment | Cell membrane |
A large oval structure that directs all of the cell's activities | Nucleus |
The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called | Cytoplasm |
Produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions(power house) | Mitochondria |
A maze passageways that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another | Endoplasmic reticulum |
Function as factories to produce proteins | Ribosomes |
Receive proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them to other parts of the cell | Golgi body |
Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell | Chloroplasts |
Storage area of a cell | Vacuole |
Small,round structures in cells that break down large food particles into smaller ones | Lysosomes |
Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances | Element |
The chemical combination of two or more elements | Compound |
An energy-rich organic compound such as sugar | Carbohydrates |
Large organic molecules made of carbon,hydrogen, oxygen,nitrogen,and,in some cases sulfur | Proteins |
Small molecules that make up proteins | Amino acids |
Type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in living things | Enzyme |
An energy-rich organic compound such as sugar | Lipid |
Very large organic molecules made of of carbon, hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen and phosphorus | Nucleic acids |
Type of nucleic acid that passes from parent offspring and directs all the cells functions | DNA |
Type of nucleic acid that plays an important role in the productions of proteins | RNA |
Means letting some but not all substances pass through | Selectively permeable |
Is the process by which molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration | Diffusion |
The process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane | Osmosis |
Diffusion and osmosis are types of | Passive transport |
Requires the cell's own energy | Active transport |