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Atmospheric Exam
Semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A _______________________ is best described as an educated guess. | Hypothesis |
| ___________________________________ is a series of logical steps followed by someone when they are doing research. | The Scientific Method |
| ___________________________________ the variable which the experimenter manipulates. | Independent Variable |
| ___________________________________ the variable which changes in response to the change made by the experimenter . | Dependent Variable |
| List the units used for volume _______________________________________________ . | cubic in, cm, and ft Mili, Centi, and Kilo Liters |
| List the units used for mass __________________________________________________ . | Mili, Centi, and Kilo Grams |
| What is the formula for density and how are the units written? ____________________________________________________________ . | Density=Mass/Volume |
| The density of water is _____________________________. | 1 kg/m³ |
| If an object has a density greater than 1 it will (sink/float) when placed in water. | sink |
| If an object has a density less than 1 it will (sink/float) if placed in water. | float |
| Remember, not only can solid objects have different densities. So can liquids. | Example: water, oil, syrup all have different densities. |
| Spheres of Earth-organisms | biosphere |
| Spheres of Earth-atmosphere | the gaseous envelope surrounding the geosphere |
| Spheres of Earth-Cyosphere | the part of the Earth’s surface where water is in the solid form |
| Spheres of Earth-Anthrosphere | human beings and our constructions |
| Spheres of Earth-Geosphere | solid earth, sometimes called the lithosphere |
| Spheres of Earth-Hydrosphere | the water portion of our planet. In gas, liquid and solid form. |
| The largest portion of freshwater is found in ___________________ . | Glaciers |
| Which process in the carbon cycle removes carbon in the form of CO2, from the atmosphere?______________________________ | Photosynthesis |
| What happened to the original atmosphere which was made of Hydrogen and Helium? | Blown away by solar winds |
| Carbon is returned to the atmosphere in unnaturally large quantities in the __________________________________ . | Fossil Fuel Emissions |
| Describe and give an example of a carbon sink. _____________________________________________________________ | A Carbon Sink is where carbon is absorbed ex. Forrest |
| Name the instrument used to measure barometric pressure ___________________________ . | Barometer |
| Name the instrument used to measure wind speed __________________ . | Anemometer |
| Name the instrument used to identify the direction of the wind ___________________________ . | Wind Vane |
| What geologic event indicated that a significant amount of oxygen became available in the earth’s atmosphere and oceans? It involved rocks which contained iron…… | Can cause iron to rust |
| Which word best describes air? | Compound, mixture, or Arir MIXTURE |
| List the top 4 components of the atmosphere and give the approximate percentages of each. | Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 21% Argon .934% Carbon Dioxide .036% |
| Name the component of the atmosphere which is naturally occurring in all three states of matter in the atmosphere? ______________________ | H2O |
| On what basis are the layers of the atmosphere determined? | What they contain |
| The molecular formula for ozone is ______________ | O3 |
| Why is ozone so important to living things? | Protects us from UV rays |
| What is the major negative consequence of ozone depletion? | Global Warming, Cancer, Melanoma |
| What is the source of energy that ionizes atoms in the atmosphere? | The Sun/Solar Radiation |
| What causes the different color associated with the aurora borealis? | The particles collide with gasses and it causes them to glow. Different Gasses make different colors |
| Why does the thermosphere have an extremely high temperature but you would experience it as cold? | molecules move slowly |
| One revolution is measured as | 1 year |
| One rotation on earth's axis is measured as | 1 day |
| Label winter and summer solstice, perihelion, aphelion, vernal and fall equinox. | /Users/Parker/Desktop/earth-tilt.gif |
| Draw the earth and label the Tropics, the equator, the arctic circle and Antarctic circle. Label the latitudes as well. | /Users/Parker/Desktop/f0662-02.gif |
| Describe and give examples for potential energy | Potential energy is energy that is stored. A ball at the top of a hill |
| Describe and give examples for kinetic energy | Kinetic energy is energy being used. A ball rolling down a hil |
| Energy transfer processes: Convection | uneven heating that creates currents |
| Energy transfer processes: Radiation | travels in waves |
| Energy transfer processes: Conduction | heat transfer through the collision of atoms |
| Energy transfer processes: Advection | transfer in a horizontal direction - wind |
| The type of energy transfer of the least importance to the study of meteorology is _____________________ | conduction |
| All of Earth’s atmosphere’s energy originated in the form of __________________ | radiation |
| Draw a wave length and label the period and height. | /Users/Parker/Desktop/common-waves-features.jpg |
| Solar Radiation | energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles, from the sun |
| Terrestrial Radiation | Electromagnetic radiation originating from Earth and its atmosphere |
| Terrestrial radiation occurs primarily in the form of _____________ . | long wave |
| Name the source of heat for Earth’s atmosphere ____________________________________ . | UV Rays from the sun |
| Name the major green house gases and in which layer of the atmosphere they primarily occur. | Water Vapor- Troposphere Nitrogen & Oxygen- Stratosphere |
| Name factors that influence the sensation of temperature that the human body feels. | altitude, temperature, geographic position, humidity, and albedo |
| Compare Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales. Be sure to relate ice and steam points. | Fahrenheit- 32-212 Celsius- 0-100 Kelvin- 273-373 |
| Identify windward and leeward coasts with an illustration. | /Users/Parker/Desktop/image010.gif |
| Identify Poleward and equatorward moving currents in each hemisphere and identify them as warm or cool. | warm |
| Describe locations on earth which have the largest annual temperature changes from summer to winter. | Inland and high altitudes |
| Describe when the temperatures on earth’s surface decrease in relation to solar radiation. | Late Afternoon |
| What is the primary reason for land areas warming up more rapidly than areas covered by water. | Different heating on land and water, land is opaque |
| Draw a picture with the hydrologic cycle. Include the 6 processes that make the cycle work! | /Users/Parker/Desktop/hydro_5cycle.jpg |
| Heat energy that does not produce a temperature change but becomes stores in the matter is called __________________________ heat. | latent |
| Temperature changes in which heat is neither added nor subtracted are called ________________________ temperature changes. | adiabetic |
| When water vapor condenses, heat is ________________________ by the water vapor. | absorbed |
| List the changes of state for water and describe each. | Freeze- L > S Condense- G > L Evaporation- L > G Sublimation- S > G Deposition- G > S |
| Be able to use a relative humidity and dew point chart using dry and wet bulb temps. | the difference between wet and dry ^ |
| Describe how Relative humidity changes with temperature changes or addition of water. | Depends on the amount of water vapor and the air temperature |
| At what time of day does the highest relative humidity usually occur? | early morning |
| Relative humidity can be calculated using a sling psychrometer and noting the difference between the _____________ and ___________________ readings. | dry bulb, wet bulb |
| Define dew point temperature. | temperature where condensation occurs |
| In nature, what keeps atmospheric gases from escaping into space? | gravity |
| What has to happen to a molecule of liquid water for it to evaporate? | must come in contact with a dust particle |
| Name the mechanisms of lift that cause air to rise. | Geographic Lifting, Frontal Wedging, Convergence, and Localized Lifting |
| What most often causes localized convective lifting? | unequal surface heating |
| Describe environmental lapse rate. | change in temperature, altitude |
| Adiabatic temperature changes are caused by changes in | occurs in the addition or removal of energy |
| The temperature of rising air parcels ___________________________ as they move upward. | increases |
| Which process is an interaction between the earth’s biosphere and the atmosphere? ____________________________ . | evaporation |
| Evaporation is an example of transfer of water between which of earth’s spheres? ____________________________________________________ | Hydrosphere and Atmosphere |
| Identify how the composition of the atmosphere changed over time. Be able to list the 4 major components from least to greatest for each of 4 of the developmental stages of the atmosphere. | 1st- lightest and least dense 2nd- formed through volcanic outgassing (N, H2O, and CO2) 3rd- Formed by photosynthesis 4th- todays atmosphere |
Created by:
Glassboy93
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