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Anatomical Language
A&P Lab 1 Exercise 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anatomical position | the body is ERECT (vertical) and facing forward arms are straight and at the sides of the body with palms facing forward legs are straight with the feet facing forward and flat |
| surpine position | the body is horizontal and laying on back |
| prone position | the body is horizontal and laying on stomach |
| arm | located between shoulder and elbow |
| forearm | located from elbow to wrist |
| thigh | located between the groin and knee |
| leg | located between knee and ankle |
| chest | is the area of the trunk between the neck and diaphragm containing heart and lungs |
| abdomen | is the area of the trunk between diaphragm and hip bones contains the digestive system |
| pelvis | is the area of the trunk below the hip bone contains internal organs and urinary bladder |
| groin | is the area on the anterior (front) surface marked by a crease where the lower limn attaches to the pelvis |
| axial | pertaining to the central part of the body the head and trunk |
| cephalic | pertaining to the head |
| cranial | pertaining to the portion of the skull surrounding the brain |
| facial | pertaining to the face |
| frontal | pertaining to the forehead |
| orbitial | pertaining to the eye |
| otic | pertaining to the ear |
| nasal | pertaining to the nose |
| mental | pertaining to the chin |
| ociptial | pertaining to the back of the head |
| cervical | pertaining to the neck |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| sternal | pertaining to the breast bone |
| pectoral | pertaining to the chest |
| mammary | pertaining to the breast |
| umbilical | pertaining to the naval |
| coxal | pertaining to the hip |
| pubic | pertaining to genital area |
| dorsal | pertaining to the back |
| scapular | pertaining to the shoulder blade area |
| vertebral | pertaining to the spinal column |
| lumbar | pertaining to the area of the back between the lowest rib and buttock |
| appendicular | pertaining to the extremities or limbs |
| acrominal | pertaining to the highest point of the shoulder |
| axillary | pertaining to the armpit |
| brachial | pertaining to the arm |
| antecubitial | pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow |
| olecranal | pertaining to the posterior surface of the elbow |
| antebrachial | pertaining to the forearm |
| carpal | pertaining to the wrist |
| manual | pertaining to the hand |
| palmar | pertaining to the palm of the hand |
| digital | pertaining to the digits (fingers) |
| inguinal | pertaining to the groin where the thigh attaches to the pelvis |
| gluteal | pertaining to the buttock |
| femoral | pertaining to the thigh |
| patellar | pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee |
| popliteal | pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee |
| crural | pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg |
| fibular or peroneal | pertaining to the lateral side of the leg |
| sural | pertaining to the posterior surface of the leg |
| tarsal | pertaining to the ankle |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| plantar | pertaining to the sole of the foot |
| calcaneal | pertaining to the heel |
| inferior | below |
| superior | above |
| anterior (ventral) | closer to front of body |
| posterior (dorsal) | closer to back of body |
| medial | closer to the midline of the body |
| lateral | farther from the midline of the body |
| intermediate | between two structures |
| ipsilateral | on the same side of the body |
| contralateral | on opposite sides of body |
| proximal | nearer to point of attachment of limb to trunk |
| distal | farther from point of attachment of limb to trunk |
| superficial | closer to surface of body |
| deep | farther from surface of body |
| sagittal plane | pass vertically through the body or organs and divide them into right and left sections |
| midsagittal plane | plane passes vertically through the midline and divides the body into equal right and left halves |
| parasagittal plane | plane passes vertically through the midline and divides the body into unequal right and left portions |
| coronal plane (frontal) | plane passes vertically through the body and organs and produces anterior and posterior sections |
| transverse plane | passes horizontally through the body and produces superior and inferior sections |
| oblique planes | pass through the body at an angle forming oblique sections |
| longitudinal sections | sections that are produced by a plane running along the long axis of a long narrow structures |
| cross-sections | sections that are produced by a plane crossing perpendicular to the long axis |
| cranial cavity | is formed by the bones and contains the brain |
| vertebral canal | forned by bones of the vertebral column which contains the spinal cord |
| thoracic cavity | chest cavity is encircled by the ribs the muscles of the chest, the sternum(breastbone), and the thoracic portion of the vertebral column chest cavity; contains pleural(lungs) and pericardial (heart) cavities and mediastinum |
| plueral cavity | each surrounding a lung; the serous membrane of each pleural cavity is the pluera |
| pericardial cavity | surrounds the heart the serous membrane of the pericardial cavity is the pericardium |
| mediastinum | central portion of the thoracic cavity between te lungs extends from the sternum to vertebral columns and extends from sternum to vertebral column and from first rib to diaphram; contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels |
| Abdominopelvic cavity | subdivided into abdonimal and pelvic cavities |
| abdominal cavity | contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbadder, SI, most of the LI the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is peritoneum |
| pelvic cavity | contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestines, and internal organs of reproduction |
| diaphragm | is a domeshape muscle that seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity |
| membrane | thin, pliable tissue that covers, lines, partitions, or connects structures |
| serous membrane | thin epithelium that lines the walls of the thoracic and abdominal cavities and covers the viscera with those cavities |
| parietal layer | lines tje wallls of the cavities |
| visceral layer | covers amd adheres to the organs within the cavities |
| pleura | serous membrane of the pleura cavities |
| parietal plueral | lines chest wall |
| visceral pleura | clings to surface of lung |
| pleura cavity | space between parietal and visceral pluera |
| pericardium | serous membrane of the pericardial cavity |
| visceral pericardium | covers surface of heart |
| parietal pericardium | lines chest wall |
| pericardial caivty | between the visceral and parietal pericardium |
| peritoneum | is the serous membrane of the abdonimal cavity |
| visceral peritoneum | covers the abdominal viscera |
| parietal peritoneum | lines the abdominal wall |
| peritoneal cavity | between the visceral and parietal peritonem |
| retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneal |
| abdominplevic regions | right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umblical,left lumbar, right inguinal, hypogastric, left inguinal |
Created by:
jshockley
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