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Chapter 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Lorenzo de Medici | Cosimo's grandson who is a patron and is called the magnificent |
| Francesco Petrarch | Lived in the 1300's as a Florentine and was an early Renaissance humanist. Found and assembled a library of Greek and Roman manuscripts. |
| Leonardo da vinci | Famous for painting the Mona Lisa in 1506 and The Last Supper in 1498. |
| Michelangelo | Created a statue of David out of marble, Built the Sistine Chapel, and designed St. Peters cathedral in Rome. |
| Raphael | Painted Assumptions of the Virgin in 1504 and Many Madonnas in 1506. |
| Baldassare Castiglione | Wrote the book of Courtier for Aristocrats on manners, skills, leaning and virtues of a member of court. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Wrote a guide to rulers on how to gain and to keep power. |
| patron | Financial supporter of arts. |
| humanism | Intellectual movement on worldly subjects |
| humanities | subject taught to Greeks and Romans |
| perspective | Painting appears 3D by sizing objects. |
| Albrecht Durer | Known as the German Leonardo. Etched design on metal plate with acid |
| Jan van Eyck | Developed oil paint to produce strong colors and hard surface. |
| Francois Rabelais | Monk, Greek scholar, doctor, and author |
| William Shakespeare | Wrote the Twelfth Night, Romeo and Juliet, Richard III, and Macbeth. |
| Miguel de Cervantes | Spanish Novelist who is Known for Don Quioxite |
| Johann Gutenberg | Created the printing Press |
| engraving | etching a design on metal plate wit acid |
| vernacular | everyday language |
| utopian | ideal society |
| protestant Reformaltion | In the middle ages the Church had renewed itself from within, though new calls for reform unleashed forces that would shatter Christian unity. |
| Martin Luther | Didn't like what the church was doing saying that you could buy your way into forgiveness and not have to go to hell. posted his 95 theses then was excommunicated by the church |
| Peace of Augsburg | Emperor Charles V tried to force Lutheran princes back into the Catholic Church, after a number of brief wars Charles and the princes reached a settlement and signed the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 which allowed each prince to decide which religion that wou |
| John Calvin | Had 63 theses, he also set up a theocracy |
| Huguenot | |
| John Knox | |
| Indulgence | lessening time in purgatory |
| recant | give up view |
| predestination | god determined long ago who got saved |
| theocracy | government rule by church leaders. |
| Henry VIII | Wrote love songs played tennis and married six times. Also he was very ruthless to his enemies. Had dozens of people beheaded including his second and fifth wives |
| Elizabeth I | As a young child she was very good at dancing and writing and playing her musi c. Loved to watch William Shakespeare plays. |
| Council of Trent | Met on and off for almost 20 years and declaired the bible. |
| Inquisition | Church court set up during the Middle Ages |
| Jesuits | Society of Jesus |
| Teresa of Avila | Set up her own order of nuns. The lived in isolation eating and sleeping very little and dedicating themselves to prayer and meditation. |
| annul | to cancel |
| canonize | recognize as saint |
| compromise | agreement |
| scapegoat | someone to blame |
| ghetto | separate part of a city |
| Nicolaus copernicus | proposed a heliocentric, and said the sun was center |
| Johannes Kepler | German astronomer and mathematician who used Brahe's data to calculate the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun. |
| Galileo Galilei | father of Astronomy, because he made important discoveries about the motion of pendulums and falling objects. |
| Francis Bacon | Englishman who was devoted to the problem of knowledge |
| Rene Descartes | Frenchman who was devoted to the problem of knowledge |
| Isaac Newton | Saw an apple fall from a tree and say the same force that the apple had to fall to the ground had to do the planets orbiting the sun. |
| Robert Boyle | distinguished between individual elements and chemical compounds. |
| heliocentric | sun is center |
| hypothesis | possible expaination |
| scientific method | step by step process of discovery |
| gravity | force that keeps planets in orbit around sun. |
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trevorhodges88
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