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V Industrial R Vocab
Industrial Revolution Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| He was in to framing and came up with crop rotation to help restore the soil. He was given the nickname “Turnip Townshend” by encouraging farmers to grow turnips to restore soil. | Charles Townshends |
| He was an English agriculture who developed the seed drill in 1701. It deposited seeds in rows rather than scattering them wastefully over the land. | Jethro Tull |
| In 1712 he developed the first practical steam engine for pumping water out of mines. It was powered by coal. | Thomas Newcomen |
| Scottish inventor who made improvement to the steam engine. His invention made fundamental changes brought about by the industrial revolution in Great Britain and the world. | James Watt |
| A British agriculturalist who bred stronger horses for farm work and fatter sheep and cattle for meat. | Robert Bakewell |
| A British inventor who developed the flying shuttle, which improved the textile industry. Workers were able to weave clothing much faster. | John Kay |
| An English leader in the development of iron. He was the first to use coal to smelt iron instead of wood for smelting iron in a blast furnace. He also developed better ways to improve the quality of iron. | Abraham Darby |
| An English inventor from Lancashire, England who invented the spinning jenny in 1764. This device spun many threads at the same time. This improved the textile industry even more. | James Hargreaves |
| An English inventor who invented the water frame. This used water power to speed up the spinning even more. | Richard Arkwright |
| An american engineer and inventor who developed the first commercially successful steamboat in 1807. His use of the steam engine powered the Clearmont up the Hudson River at speeds of 5 mph. | Robert Fulton |
| The movement of people to cities from the country. This was created by the job opportunities that the Industrial Revolution provided people. | Urbanization |
| In the mid 1700s, he spread a new religious movement and founded the Methodist Church. He was able to comfort workers through religion and lead people towards reform instead of revolution. | John Wesley |
| A British scholar, who was influential in political economy and demography. In 1798 he published an “Essay on the Principle of Population.” Poverty and misery, he concluded were unavoidable because population was growing faster than the food supply. | Thomas Malthus |
| Socialist who tried to build self-sufficient communities in which all work was shared and all property was owned in common. With no difference between the rich and poor fighting between people would disappear. | Utopians |
| a German philosopher, who condemned the ideas of the Utopians as unrealistic idealism. His theory “scientific socialism’ He published a pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto. | Karl Marx |
| In the 1800s the idea that the goal of society should be “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of its citizens. Its action is the one that maximizes overall happiness. Laws or actions should be judged by their “utility.” | Utilitarianism |
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