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PAWS midterm cards
cambridge pre-aice
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cottage Industry | Putting out system |
| Enclosure | Large farm fields enclosed by fences or hedges |
| Crop rotation | A method of farming where switching types of crops each season to avoid depleteing soil of nutrients |
| Factors of production | Land, Labor, Captial |
| Eli Whitney | Invented Cotton Gin, and interchangeable parts |
| Natural resourcess needed to industrialize | Running water, iron ore, coal, harbors |
| Henry Ford | Introduced the assembly line |
| Urbanization | City building and movement of people to cities |
| Karl Marx | Socialist philosopher - wrote the communist manifest - german journalist proposes a radical socialism called marxism |
| Middle Class | Arose during the industrial revolution the class of Business owner, factory mangager, engineer, and accountent, etc. - skilled workers, merchant, rich farmers (looked down on by land owners and aristocrates) |
| Jethro Tull | Invented seed drill, and crop rotation |
| Stock | Limited ownerships rights for a company sold to raise money - when you own part of a corporation |
| George Stephenson | Invented the steam locomotive, and laid the first railroad in England |
| Corporation | Company owned by stock holders shares profits not debts - sells shares |
| Robert Fulton | Built first steamboat |
| Luddites | Believed that machines took over human jobs. Started a revolt that ended when 14 members were hanged |
| Adam Smith | Author and philosopher wrote the book "Wealth of Nations" economic natural laws: self-interest, competition,supply and demand |
| Samuel Slater | Smuggled blueprints from British factories to America. English textile worker. |
| Crystal Palace | A building made from iron and glass that showcased goods from around the world during the industrial revolution |
| Lassiez faire | Economic government policy that stated the government would not interfere with business |
| Capitalism | System of privately owned business seeking profits |
| Trade unions | Groups of employees that worked to improve wages and working conditions |
| Socialism | Factors of production owned by, operated for the people |
| Olympe de Gouges | Wrote "rights of women and citizen" |
| John Locke | British philospher, wrote the second treatis of civil government (said it was power of consent from the government) |
| Louis XVI | King of france during the french revolution - maried to Marie Antoinette |
| Marie Antionette | Austrian - Queen of fance during the french revolution - married to King Louis XVI - executed in 1793 |
| Maximillien Robespierre | Revolutionary in the french revolution - head of the jacobins - known as the incoruptable - head of the comittee of public safety |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | Imposed military rule on france and helped spread revolutionary ideals to much of europe - become emperor of france. |
| Klemens von Metternich | Austrian Prince - Host of the Congress of Vienna |
| Ancient Regime | social and political system in France up until the French Revolution (3 Estates and Monarchy) |
| National Assembly | third estate broke off and create the National Assembly - made tennis court oath |
| Jacobins | Radical revoultionaries - lead by Robespeirre changed the calendars and time so that it was not religion based. (Robespeirres radical backing) |
| Civil code | Stated that there was to be equality before the law, freedom of religion and the abolition of feudalism, it made the husband the ruler of the household and served as the model for the codes of law of more than twenty nations throughout the world |
| Directory | A five man executive government chosen by the Ancients |
| Conservatism | Politican orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and preventing radical change |
| Liberalism | Wants things to change so there is greater freedom for the individual |
| Congress of Vienna | The Great Powers of Europe who wanted to balance power and seek peace |
| Giuseppe Girabaldi | Italian politician and general of the Roman Republic |
| Marshals | An important and trusted military commander |
| Buffer state | States that separate ambitious powers from one another and protect them from each-others aggression |
| Canton | Regions of Switzerland that were ruled almost entirely by small merchant elites |
| Hapsburgs | Imperial family of Austria since 1282 |
| Pope | Head of the Roman-Catholic Church |
| Diet | Governing council of the German confederation |
| Jesuits | Catholic missionaries |
| Prince regent | A person ruling a country when the king or queen is unable to rule because they are too ill |
| Constitutional monarchy | The rulers power is slightly limited by a written constitution |
| Gout | A disease that involves inflammation of the joints, especially the hands and feet |
| Deputies | These were to be over 40 years of age and to pay over 1,000 francs in direct taxation |
| Pays Legal | This was the group that had the franchise (right to vote). In France in 1815 this depended on wealth |
| Caricature | A work of art that exaggerates someone's facial features |
| Concert of Europe | This is a term given to the habit of the great powers, which included France from 1818 of consulting and working together. |
| Socialism | A government system that consists of the community equally providing and receiving for each other. The government controls production and distribution |
| National debt | the financial obligations of a national government from deficit spending |
| Left | A political "left" - liberalism |
| Cholera | A serious and often fatal disease that effects the digestive organs it is caused by drinking or eating infected substances |
| Annexation | The act of adding or expanding |
| Self-evident | Evidence without proof or reasoning |
| Magnanimous | Lofty and courageous spirit; noble (Mrs. Gedney) charitable and forgiving |
| Endeavor | To try or attempt to achieve a goal |
| Impel | To urge or drive forward; to force |
| Usurpations | To seize and hold by force or without right |
| Simon Bolivar | Revolutionary leader in South America, creator of Grand Columbia |
| Franchise | The right to vote |
Created by:
Gedney239
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