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rocks and minerals
Earth and Space scince honors- rocks and minerals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an isotope? | Atoms with the same numbers of protons as before, but different numbers of neutrons. |
| What occurs in an atom to produce an ion? | When an atom has an electrical charge because of an unequal number of electrons and protons. |
| Although all minerals have an orderly internal arrangement of atoms (crystalline structure), most mineral samples do not visibly demonstrate their crystal form. Why? | Some minerals do not visibly demonstrate their crystal form, because the way it cools and where it cools. |
| Why might it be difficult to identify a mineral by its color? | Some minerals have multiple colors, sometimes occurring in the same sample, making it difficult to identify a mineral by its color. |
| If you found a glassy-appearing mineral while rock hunting and had hopes that it was a diamond, what sample test might help you make a determination? | You would use Moh's Hardness Scale to preform a hardness test. A diamond is the hardest on the scale. |
| Explain why corondum makes a good abrasive in terms of the Moh's Hardness Scale. | Corondum is a 9 on the Scale, so it can scratch anything but a diamond. |
| Gold has a specific gravity of almost 20. A five-gallon pail of water weighs about 40 pounds. How much would five-gallon pail of gold weigh? | 20 x 5 = 100, so the answer is 100. |
| What are the two most common elements in Earth's crust? What is the term used to describe the basic building block of all silicate minerals? | Silicon and Oxygen; Silicon-Oxygen: Tetrahedron |
| What are the two most common silicate minerals in Earth's crust? | Feldspars and Quartz |
| List three nonsilicate minerals that are commonly found in rocks. | Carbonates, Sulfates, Halides |
| Contrast a mineral resource and a mineral reserve. | A mineral resource is a useful mineral that can be recovered for use. A mineral reserve is an already identified deposit from which minerals can be extracted profitably. |
| What might cause a mineral deposit that had not been considered an ore? | If the economy changes or technology improves, a mineral deposit may be reclassified as an ore. |
| What is a rock? | Any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as a part of our planet. (A rock is a mixture!) |
| List five characteristics that an Earth material should have in order to be considered a mineral. | Naturally occurring, solid, orderly crystalline structure, well-defined chemical composition, and generally inorganic. |
Created by:
hazelherondale
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