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Environmental 18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many species per year we are losing | approximately 50,000 species |
| Inbreeding | occurs when individuals with similar genotypes, generally relatives, breed with each other. |
| Categories of Endangerment | Extinct:No individuals of the species are known to exist today. Threatened:Species have a high risk of becoming extinct in the future. Near-threatened:Species likely to become threatened. Least concern:Species widespread and abundant in numbers. |
| HIPCO | Habitat Loss Invasive Species Pollution Climate Change Overharvested |
| Habitat Loss | For most species the greatest cause of decline and extinction |
| Invasive Species | when alien species spread rapidly across large areas. |
| Pollution | Threats to biodiversity from pollution can come from toxic contaminants such as pesticides, heavy metals, acids, and oil spills. |
| Overharvesting | ndividuals of a species are removed at a rate faster than the population can replace them. |
| Lacey Act | First passed in 1900, the act prohibited the transport of illegally harvested game animals, primarily birds and mammals, across state lines. |
| CITES | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Developed by the United Nations in 1973 to control the international trade of threatened plants and animals. |
| Red List | The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) maintains a list of threatened species, known as the Red List. |
| Marine Mammal Protection Act | prohibits the killing of all marine mammals in the U.S. and prohibits the import or export of any marine mammal body parts. |
| Endangered Species Act | it authorizes the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to determine which species can be listed as threatened or endangered and prohibits their harming. |
| Convention on Biological Diversity | Treaty had three objectives: conserve biodiversity sustainably use biodiversity equitably share the benefits that emerge from commercial use of genetic resources (e.g., pharmaceutical drugs) |
| Points considered when managing/designing a protected area: | closeness to another area how large the area is the amount of edge habitat the area contains |
| Edge habitat | the area where two different communities come together, typically forming an abrupt transition. |
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