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8E Periodic Table
Key words
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | Small particle from which al substances are made |
Compound | Two or more different atoms joined together by chemical bonds |
Element | A type of atom |
Matter | Something that takes up space |
Oxidiser | A substance that supplies oxygen for a reaction |
Chemical reaction | A change in which new substances are formed |
Physical reaction | A change in which no new substances are formed |
Chemical formula | The element symbols and their numerical ratios of a substance |
Alkali metal | Group 1 reactive metals |
Group | Vertical column of the Periodic Table |
Periodic Table | List of known elements in order of atomic number |
Atomic number | Number of positive protons in the nucleus |
Mass number | Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
Proton | Positive particle in the nucleus |
Neutron | Neutral particle in the nucleus |
Electron | Negative particle in the nucleus (no relative mass) |
Period | Row in the Periodic Table |
Halogen | Group 7 of the Periodic Table |
Noble gas | Group 0 unreactive non-metal gases with full electron shells |
Boiling | Turning from a liquid to a gas throughout the liquid |
Evaporation | Turning from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid |
Brittle | Not flexible, breaks under force |
Melting | Turning from a solid to a liquid |
Freezing | Turning from a liquid to a solid |
Flexible | Can bend without breaking |
Malleable | Can be beaten into shapes |
Metal | Element that is shiny, conducts heat and electricity, malleable, flexible and high mp |
Non-metal | Element that is not shiny, does not conduct heat and electricity |
Transition metal | The central group of elements in the Periodic Table |
Acid | A substance that releases hydrogen ions in solution (H+) |
Alkali | A substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution (OH-) |
Oxide | A compound of a metal or non-metal and oxygen |
pH | The concentration of hydrogen ions in solution on a scale in multiples of 10 from 1 to 14 |
Indicator | A substance that changes colour under different pH |
Reactivity | How quickly or vigorously something reacts |