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Biotech
Chapter 2 terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Environment | the external surroundings in which a plant or animal lives, which tend to influence its development and behaviour. |
| Plant breeding | The selection of the very best plants and the saving of seeds from those plants. |
| Enzyme | A protein created by an organism that increases the rate at which chemical reactions occur. |
| Rennin | A coagulating enzyme that can curdle milk, found in rennet. |
| Fermentation | A process involving yeasts or other microorganisms breaking down a substance. |
| Yeast | A single-celled ascomycetous fungi in which little or no mycelium develops and which ordinarily reproduce by budding |
| Heredity | the characteristics we get genetically from Tur parents and our relatives before them. |
| Law of segregation | The members of a pair of homologous chromosomes segregate during meiosis and are distributed to different gametes. |
| Law of independent assortment | Each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes segregates during meiosis independently of the members of other pairs, so that alleles carried on different chromosomes are distributed randomly to the gametes. |
| Cells | The smallest unit of an organism with a nucleus. |
| Vaccine | An inoculation used to stimulate antibodies in your body so you will develop immunity against a certain disease. |
| Antibiotic | A medicine that helps a person or animal heal from an infection by destroying or limiting harmful microorganisms. |
| Artificial insemination | The impregnation of a female by artificially injecting semen into the vagina, uterus, etc. rather than by sexual intercourse. |
| Embryo transfer | The fertilized ovum is transferred at the blastocyst stage to the recipient's uterus. |
| Genetic code | The biochemical code in DNA or RNA that determines the characteristics of an organism, made up of a long chain or sequence of nucleotides, codons, and genes |
| Vertical gene transfer | The biological process by which new offspring individual organisms are produced from their "parents". |
| DNA | A self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. |
| Double helix | A pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis. |
| Genetic engineering | The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material. |
| Horizontal gene transfer | The transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction. |
| Gene splicing | The technology of preparing recombinant DNA in vitro by cutting up DNA molecules and splicing together fragments from more than one organism. |
Created by:
mikejd96
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