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Population Vocab.

Ms.Tobins test on chapter 2-population from AP human geography Textbook

TermDefinition
Agricultural revolution number of people per unit area of agriculturally productive land
Arithmetic density measure of total population relative to land size or total population divided by land size
Carrying capacity maximum number of individuals of a species that the human population will tolerate.
Cohort A population group united by a specific common characteristic, like age, and is treated as a statistical unit during their lifetimes
Crude birth rate Total number of births in a year for every a thousand people in a country (EX: CBR of 20 means that for every 1000 people in a country, 20 babies are born over a 1 year period)
Crude Death Rate Total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society
Demographic accounting equation Prediction of population growth
Demographic transition model Has many stages, every country is in one of them, and has a beginning, middle, and end= Is irreversible and Similar process of change in a society's population Similar process of change in a society's population
Demography Scientific study of population characteristics
Dependency rate Is the number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive years
Doubling time (Is affected by the rate of natural increase) Is the number of years needed to double a population (assuming a constant rate of natural increase)
Ecume Portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement (used to just be Middle East, Eastern Europe, and East Asia)
Ester Boserup For a country, population growth stimulates economic growth and thus production of more food (could also generate more customers/ideas)
Industrial Revolution Was conjunction of major improvements in industrial technology (invention of steam engine, etc.) that transformed the process of manufacturing goods and delivering them to market
Life expectancy (At birth) Measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels= Is most favorable in the wealthy countries of Western Europe and least favorable in the poor countries of sub-Saharan Africa
Thomas Malthus Wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" in which he claimed that population was growing more rapidly than Earth's food supply because population increased geometrically whereas food supply increased arithmetically
Megalopolis Boston to Washington DC
Medical Revolution Medical technology invented in Europe and North America diffused to less developed countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America (thus eliminated many of the causes of death in LDC and enabled more people to experience longer/healthier lives)
Natalist Ratio of births to the general population
Natural increase rate Percentage by which a population grows in a year= Computed by subtracting CDR from CBR, after first converting the 2 measures from numbers per 1000 to percentages
Neo-Malthusians Say that wars and civil violence will increase because of scarcities of food, clean air, etc.
Overpopulation Problems result when an area's population exceeds the capacity of the enviornment to support it at an acceptable standard of living
Physiological density Is the number of people supported by a unit area of arable land
Population pyramids Displays a country's population by age and gender groups on a bar graph
Total fertility rate Used to measure the number of births in a society= Is the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years
Stage 1 Growth rates People depended on hunting and food (agricultural revolution)
Stage 2 Growth rates Industrial/Medical revolution
Stage 3 Growth Rates Changes in social customs and New technology and gender equalization
Stage 4 Growth rates Enter labor force rather than remain at home. Women have jobs
Population Clusters Largest to smalles East Asia South asia Europe southeast asia north america
Created by: 100000528356700
Popular AP Human Geography sets

 

 



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