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science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
passive transport | the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy |
diffusion | the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
osmosis | the diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane |
facilitated diffusion | when molecules pass through a cell membrane using special proteins called transport proteins |
active transport | the movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using the cell's energy |
endocytosis | the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane |
exocytosis | the process during which a cell's vesicles release their contents outside the cell |
cellular respiration | a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP |
glycolysis | a process by which glucose a sugar is broken down into smaller molecules |
fermentation | a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low |
photosynthesis | a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy water and CO2 into the food energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen |