the adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another
animism
most prevalent in Africa and the Americas, doctrine in which the world is seen as being infused with spiritual and even supernatural powers
artifact
any item that represents a material aspect of culture
Buddhism
system of belief that seeks to explain ultimate realities for all people-such as the nature of suffering and the path toward self realization
caste system
system in India that gives every Indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth. Individuals may improve the position they inherit in the caste system in their next life through their actions, or karma.
Christianity
the world's most widespread religion. Christianity is a monotheistic, universal religion that uses missionaries to expand it's members world wide. The three major categories of Christianity are Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox
creole
a pidgin language that evolves to the point at which it becomes the primary language of the people who speak it
cultural complex
the group of traits that defines a particular culture
cultural extinction
obliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combination of the three
cultural geography
the subfield of human geography that looks at how culture spreads over time
cultural hearth
locations on earth's surface where specific cultures first arose
cultural trait
the specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions , and aspects of popular culture
culture
a total way of life held in common by a group of people, including learned features such as language, ideology, behavior, technology, and government
denomination
a particular religious group, usually associated with differing Protestant belief systems
dialect
geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent form
diaspora
people who come from a common ethic background but who live in different belief systems
ecumene
the proportion of the earth inhabited by humans
environmental determinism
a doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions
ethnic cleansing
the systematic attempt to remove all people for a particular ethnicity from a country or region either by forced migration or genocide
ethnic neighborhood
an area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background
ethnic religion
religion that is identified with a particular ethic or tribal group and that does not seek new converts
ethnicity
refers to a group of people who share a common identity
evangelical religions
religion in which an effort is made to spread a particular belief system
folk culture
refers to a constellation of cultural practices that form sights, smells, sounds, and rituals of everyday existence in the traditional societies in which they developed
fundamentalism
the strict adherence to a particular doctrine
genocide
a a premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group
ghetto
a segregated ethnic area within a city
global religion
religion in which members are numerous and widespread and their doctrines might appeal to different people from any region of the globe
hinduism
a cohesive and unique society, most prevalent in India, that integrates spiritual beliefs with daily practices and official institutions such as the caste system
Indo-European Family
language family including he Germanic and Romance languages that is spoken by about 50% if the world's population
Islam
a monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and the Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad
Judaism
the 1st major monotheistic religion. It is based on a sense of ethnic identity, and its adherents tends to form tight-knit communities, wherever they live
language extinction
this occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people. Thousands of languages have become extinct over the eons since languages first developed, but the process of language extinction has accelerated greatly during the past 300 years
language family
a collection of may languages, all which came from the same origin tongue long ago, that have since evolved different characteristics
language group
a set of languages with relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics
lingua franca
an extremely simple language that combines aspects of two or more other, more-complex languages usually used for quick efficient communication
literacy
the ability to read and write
local religion
religions that are spiritually bound t particular regions
minority
a racial or ethnic group smaller than and differing from the majority race or ethnicity in a particular area or region
missionary
a person of a particular faith that travels in order to recruit new members into the faith represented
monotheism
the worship of only one god
multicultural
having to do with may cultures
official language
language in which all government business occurs in a country
pidgin
language that may develop when two groups of people with different languages meet. The pidgin has some characteristics of each language
pilgrimage
a journey to a place of religious importance
polytheism
the worship of more than one god
pop culture (or popular culture)
dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous societies permitting considerable individualism, innovation, and change; having a money-based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control, and weak interpersonal ties
race
a group of human being distinguished by physical trains, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics
romance languages
any languages derived from latin including Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian
shaman
the single person who takes on the roles of priest, counselor, and physician and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world in a shamanist culture
Sino-Tibetan family
language area that spreads through most of Southeast Asia and China and is comprised of Chinese, Burmese, Tibetan, Japanese, and Korean
syncretic
traditions that are borrow from both the past and present
toponym
place names given to certain features on the land such as settlements, terrain features, and streams
tradition
a cohesive collection of customs within a cultural group
universalizing religion
religion that seeks to unite people from all over the globe
MedTemCP5 Word+Pics
