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Chapter 19: Section1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Louis XVI | pursued pleasure before business and created more debt; appointed Necker to aid in rule |
Jacques Necker | financial wizard/adviser; encouraged king to reduce extravagant spending, reforms in government and impose tax on international trade; dismissed when tried to impose tax on 1/2 estates |
First Estate (Clergy) | still enjoyed royal wealth and privilege; owned 10% of land, collected tithes and paid no taxes to the state; nuns/monks/priest gave schools, hospitals and orphanages |
Second Estate (Nobles) | given top jobs in the government, army, courts and Church; nobles tried to compete for royal appointments at Versailles; little money income; many hated absolutism and royal bureaucracy |
bourgeoisie | top of the third estate; middle class |
Third Estate (Everyone else) | 98% of population; most were rural peasants and the lesser were urban workers (industry) |
Economic Troubles | debt, poor harvests and failure to reform |
The Cahiers | notebooks with all the grievances of each estate; called for reforms such as freedom of the press, killing animals which killed crops ; testified to boiling class resentments |
Tennis Court Oath | Third Estate always lost to 1/2; decided to declare themselves the National Assembly; invited delegates from other estates and ended up meeting in tennis court; made oath to never stop until constitution was formed; 1789 |
Storming the Bastille | 1789; rumors spread that royal troops would occupy capital; Bastille rumored to have weapons and gunpowder; mob storms the prison and finds nothing; believed to be the start of the revolution |