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Cell flashcards
Robert Hooke | discovered cells |
Van Leeuwenhoek | discovered bacteria cells in pond and in his mouth |
Schlieden | discovered that all plants are made of cells |
Schwann | discovered that all animals are made of cells |
Virchow | discovered that new cells are made from existing cells |
Cell Theory | 1.all living things are made of cells 2.cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3.new cells are produced from existing cells |
Ocular lens | eyepiece we look through |
objective lens | magnify the specimen |
fine adjustment | makes small changes to focus on medium or high power |
coarse adjustment | makes large changes to focus on low power |
nosepiece | holds objective lens and can be rotated to change power |
stage | platform where slides are placed |
base | provide support for microscope |
prokaryotes | no nucleous; DNA is free floating small and simple compared to eukaryotes ex: bateria |
eukaryotes | DNA is found in the nucleous; large and complex ex: animal |
organelles | |
Nucleus | |
Nucleolus | |
cytoplasm | between cell membrane and outside of the nucleous gel like substance |
ribosomes | found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes free floating makes protein |
rough endoplasmic reticulum | |
smooth endoplasmic reticulum | |
golgi apparatus | |
lysosomes | clean up crew for the cell (think: lysol) can break down a virus |
vacuole | |
mitochondria | powerhouse(mighty!) |
cholorplasts | |
centrioles | |
cytosketeton | |
cell membrane | |
cell wall | |
describe how protein is made | |
explain the difference between plant and animal cells | |
Somatic Cells | Body Cells |
Gamete Cells | Sex Cells |
Haploid | Half the number of Diploid Cells |
Diploid | Double the number of Hapolid Cells |
Meiosis 1 | The division of sex cells |
Meiosis 2 | A second division of sex cells |
Prophase 1 | DNA has already duplicated and chromosomes get shorter and thicker |
Metaphase 1 | The Centrioles are at opposite poles of the cell |
Anaphase 1 | When two chromosomes of each tetrad get split and pulled towards different sides of the cell |
Telophase 1 | When Haploid cells start to form |
Prophase 2 | |
Metaphase 2 | |
Anaphase 2 | |
Telophase 2 | |
Meiosis 2 Cytokinesis | |
Homologous Chromosomes | |
Tetrad | |
Crossing-Over |