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8 vocab ch
Term | Definition |
---|---|
1. Progressivism | movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms |
2. Muckraker | writer who exposes misconduct in politics an d business |
3. Social Gospel | reform movement that emerged in the late 19th century that sought to improve society by applying Christian beliefs |
4. Settlement Houses | community center organized at the turn of the 20th century to provide social services for urban poor |
5. Direct Primary | election in which citizens themselves vote to select nominees for upcoming elections |
6. Initiative | process in which citizens put a proposed new law directly on the ballot |
7. Referendum | process that allows citizens to approve or reject a law passed by a legislature |
8. Recall | process by which voters can remove elected officials from office before their terms end |
9. National Consumers League (NCL) | group organized in 1899 to investigate the conditions under which goods were made and sold and to promote safe working conditions and minimum wage |
10. Temperance Movement | movement aimed at stopping alcohol abuse and the problems created by it |
11. Suffrage | the right to vote |
12. National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) | group founded in 1890 that worked on both the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote |
13. Nineteenth Amendment | constitutional amendment that gave women the right to vote |
14. Americanization | belief that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal citizens |
15. Niagara Movement | group of African American thinkers founded in 1905 that pushed for immediate racial reforms, particularly in education and voting practices |
16. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | interracial organization founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination and to achieve political and civil rights for African Americans |
17. Urban League | network of churches and clubs that setup employment agencies and relief efforts to help African Americans get settled and find work in the cities |
18. Anti-Defamation League | organization formed in 1913 to defend Jews against physical and verbal attacks and false statements |
19. Mutualistas | organized groups of Mexican-Americans that make loans and provide legal assistance to other members of their community |
20. Square Deal | President Theodore Roosevelt's program of reforms to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor |
21. Hepburn Act | 1906 law that gave the government the authority to set railroad rates and maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls, and oil pipelines |
22. Meat Inspection Act | 1906 law that allowed the federal government to inspect meat sold across state lines and required federal inspection of meat processing plants |
23. Pure Food And Drug Act | 1906 law that allowed federal inspection of food and medicine and banned the interstate shipment and sale of impure food and the mislabeling of food and drugs |
24. National Reclamation Act | 1902 law that gave the federal government the power to decide where and how water would be distributed through the building and management of dams and irrigation products |
25. New Nationalism | president Theodore Roosevelt's plan to restore the governments trust-busting power |
26. Progressive Party | political party that emerged from the Taft-Roosevelt battle that split the republican party in 1912 |
27. New Freedom | Woodrow Wilson program to place government controls on corporations in order to benefit small businesses |
28. Sixteenth Amendment | 1913 constitutional amendment that gave congress the authority to levy an income tax |
29. Federal reserve Act | 1913 law that placed national banks under the control of a federal reserve board, which runs regional banks that hold the reserve funds from commercial banks, sets interest rates, and supervises commercial banks |
30. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) | government agency established in 1914 to identify monopolistic business practices false advertising and dishonest labeling |
31. Clayton Antitrust Act | 1914 law that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act |