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AP World History

Valhalla High School Bentley AP World Ch. 29

Term	Definition	significance	time	Chapter	region
The National Assembly	The National Assembly was a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Constituent Assembly and was considered an assembly of the people.	The National Assembly helped consolidate public debt and stated that previously existing taxes were illegally enforced	Late 18th Century	Chapter 29	France
The Convention	The Convention was a new legislative body elected by universal manhood suffrage, which abolished the monarchy and proclaimed France a republic.	The Convention was able to rally the French population by instituting a "mass levy" that drafted people and resources for use in the war.	Late 18th Century	Chapter 29	France
The Directory	The Directory was a body of 5 single-male Directors that held executive power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate.	The Directory led to great military success especially by Napoleon Bonaparte throughout Italy. It also marked the second to last stage of the French Revolution.	1795-1799	Chapter 29	France
Napoleon Bonaparte	Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader. He was also a general during the French Revolution and the ruler of France as Premier Consul of the French Republic.	Napoleon Bonaparte was responsible for overthrowing the Directory, imposing a new constitution, and then named himslef consul giving him almost absolute power over France.	1769-1821	Chapter 29	France
Saint-Domingue Society	The Saint-Domingue Society was comprised of forty thousand white French sttlers, thirty thousand gens de couleur, and over five hundred thousand black slaves.	The Saint-Domingue Society was predominately slaves and gens de couleur which foreshadowed the first and only successful slave revolt in history.	Late 18th Century - Early 19th Century	Chapter 29	Caribbean island of Hispaniola
Slave Revolt	In August 1791, twelve thousand slaves began killing white settlers, burning their homes, and destroying their plantations, leading to the first successful slave revolt in history.	This Slave Revolt was the only successful revolt in history, and it showed other nations that slave revolts are possible, thus forever changing views on slavery.	August 1791	Chapter 29	Saint-Domingue
Toussaint Louverture	Toussaint Louverture was an instrumental leader throughout the Haitian Revolution. He led the blacks to a victory over the whites, freeing the slaves.	Toussaint Louverture was the single most important person in the only successful slave revolt in history and was the driving force behind the Haitian Revolution.	1744-1803	Chapter 29	Saint-Domingue
Gens De Couleur	The Gens De Couleur were free people of color, including lattoes and freed slaves that inhabited Saint-Domingue.	The Gens De Couleur were free people that along with the slaves were in search of making Saint-Domingue an independent land and played an intricant role during the revolt.	Late 18th Centuy - Early 19th Century	Chapter 29	Saint-Domingue
Napoleonic France	Napoleonic France was a time in which Napoleon Bonaparte brought political stabiltiy to France when it was torn by revolution and war.	Napoleonic France was a period that was responsible for the pact, known as the Concordat, that allowed France to keep any church lands seized during the revolution.	1802-1821	Chapter 29	France
Civil Code	The Civil Code was a revised body of civil law that was promulgated in 1804 by Napoleon.	The Civil Code helped stabilize French society and affirmed the political and legal equality of all adult men, establishing a merit-based society.	Early 19th Century	Chapter 29	France
Popular Sovereignty	relocating sovereignty in the people	gave people responsibilty in their government	17th and 18th cen.	29	USA
Declaration of Independence	Written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776; the document expressed the ideas of John Locke and the Enlightenment, represented the idealism of the American rebels, and influenced other revolutions.	declaration for freedom from England	18th cen.	29	USA
Seven Years War	Conflict (1756-1763) in which Britain fought in Europe, India, North America, and Asia and established hegemony.	established hegemony	18th cen.	29	USA
Enlightenment	Eighteenth-century philosophical movement that began in France; its emphasis was on the preeminence of reason rather than faith or tradition; it spread concepts from the Scientific Revolution.	major global movement	18th cen.	29	USA
John Locke	English philosopher, who founded the doctrine that affirms that all knowledge is based on experience	major philosopher of the enlightenment	17th cen.	29	USA
Contractual Government	authority comes from the consent of the governed	created by John Locke	17th cen.	29	USA
Jean-Jacques Rousseau	French philosopher, social and political theorist, musician, botanist, and one of the most eloquent writers of the Age of Enlightenment	author of many influential books and philosophies	18th cen.	29	USA
Boston Tea Party	incident on December 16, 1773, when a group of citizens in Boston, Massachusetts, dumped tea into Boston Harbor	event leading to American Revolution	18th cen.	29	USA
Creoles	individuals in Iberian colonies that were born in the Americas and were of Spanish of Portuguese ancestry	The creoles had a population of 3.5 million, sought to displace peninsulares(colonial officials), and led movements between 1810-1825 that brought independance to most Spanish colonies in the Americas.(Cuba and Puerto Rico did not experience this)	late 1700's- early 1800's	29	Latin America
Simon Bolivar	A creole elite that led the movement for independance. Believed in the Enlightenment ideas of popular sovereignty and was inspired by George Washington.	With inspiration from George Washington, Bolivar "took up arms against Spanish rule in 1811." In 1819, he assembled an army that defeated the Spanish in Colombia. He then coordinated with other creole elites and by 1825, creole forces overcame the Spanish	early 1800's	29	South America
Ideology	coherent vision of human nature, human society, and the world that proposes a form of policital and social organization.	Ideology led to the develpment of conservatism and liberalism which would be used by countries around the world	1700's	29	America,France, Europe
William Wilberforce	(1759-1833); Wilberforce was an English philanthropist that was elected to a seat in Parliament in 1780.	He was a spokesman of the movement to abolish slavery and attaceked slavery on moral and relgious grounds. The Wilberforce bill was passed by Parliament in 1807 to end slave trade. After, other countries then too began to ban commerce in slaves.	1800's	29	Europe, USA, Britain
Mary Wollstonecraft	(1759-1797); Wollstonecraft was a British writer who published " A Vindication of the Rights of Women" in 1792.	She wrote this essay that argued that women possessed the same rights Locke gave men. She also insisted women should be educated.	18th century	29	Britain
Augustin de Iturbide	(1783-1824); When Iturbide delcared independence from Spain in 1821, colonial rule came to an end in Mexico.In 1822, he declared himself emperor of Mexico. Him and his empire didn't last long and in 1823, creoles established a republic.	With his declaration for independence, it gave Mexico a chance to become independent. Although the Central American Federation didn'tlast, independent states were formed.	1800's	29	Mexico
Miguel de Hidalgo	(1753-1811); The most serious of revolts against the Spanish was a peasant rebellion led by Hidalgo.He gathered indigenous people and mestizos to fight against colonial rule.He was captured by conservative creoles and was then executed.	Hidalgo's rebellion continued for three years after his death and he became the symbol of Mexican independence.	1800's	29	Mexico
Mary Astell	(1666-1731); An english writer that drew from the political thought of John Locke, thought that if absolute sovereignty was not right for a family, then it should not be right for a government.	She is significant due to the fact that she questioned the role and rights of women. And in the 18th century, "advocates of womens rights became active in Britain, France, and North America."	1700's-1800's	29	Britain France North America
Seneca Falls	A conference of feminists who passed twelve resolutions demanding lawmakers to grant women rights equal to men	This movement led to women receiving more rights and formal education	1848	29	New York
Anti-Semitism	A prejudice against Jews and the political, social, and economic actions taken against them	It turned violent and led to key events such as millions of Jews migrating	1881	29	Austria-Hungary, Germany
Congress of Vienna	Representatives of the "great powers" attempted to restor the prerevolutionary order;created a German Confederation composed of thirty-nine states dominated by Austria	Dismantled Napoleon's empire	1814-1815	29	Europe
Otto von Bismarck	King of Prussia's prime minister;wealthy landowner	Expanded and reformed army, leading to 3 wars and beat all opponents	1815-1898	29	Prussia
Zionism	Provoked a resentful nationalism among Palestinians;seeked to establish a home for the Jewish people in Palestine	Led to conflicts between Jews and Palestinians to the present day	1948	29	Palestine
Giuseppe Mazzini	A nationalist activist who formed a group called Young Italy that promoted independence from Austrain and Spanish rule and the establishment of an Italian national state	Young Italy had inspired the development of nationalist movements in Ireland, Swtz., and Hungary	1805-1872	29	Italy
Nationalist Rebellions	Inspired by nationalist sentiments;seeking for independence	The rebellions displaced rulers and brought down monarchies	1820s-1840s	29	Europe
Count Camillo di Cavour	Prime minister to King Vittore;combined forces with nationalist advocates of independence and was a diplomat;expelled Austrian authorities from most of northern Italy	Greatly contributed to the unification of Italy	1810-1861	29	Italy

Created by: icedtea

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