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clinical 1 32
pharmacology clinical 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
the study and practice of compounding and dispensing medical preparations | pharmacology |
drugs that have an effect only where applied are categorized as | local |
drugs that have an effect in an area other than where they were applied are categorized as | remote |
drugs that have an effect throughout the entire body are categorized as | systemic |
sterile solution to be applied into the eyes, ears or nose | drops |
medication that is breathed in through the nose and mouth | inhalants |
medication suspended in alcohol or water | liquid |
ointments, creams, or lotions to apply directly onto the skin | skin preparations |
bullet shaped tablets that melt easily at body temperature | suppositories |
medication that is bound together by substances that dissolve in stomach acids | tablets |
adnesive patch with time released medication in it | transdermal patch |
the primary system of measurement used in medicine | metric system |
this unit measures mass(wieght) | gram(g) |
this unit measures voume(liquid) | liter(L) |
this unit measures length(size) | meter(m) |
drop | gtt |
teaspoon | t ot tsp |
tablespoon | T ot tbsp |
fluid ounce | fl oz |
ounce(weight) | oz |
pound | lb |
5ml= | 1 tsp |
3tsp = | 1Tbsp |
1 tsp = | 5ml or 5cc |
30ml or 30cc = | 1 oz |
medication that may be swallowed in solid or liqud form is given | orally or po(by mouth) |
medication injected directly into a muscle | intramuscular (IM) |
medication delivered into the spinal canal by injection or infusion | intrathecal |
mediacation delivered directly into a vein by injection or infusion | intravenous (IV) |
injection of medication just below the cutaneous layer of the skin | subcutaneous (sq) |
medication injected at a shallow angle just under the dermis of the skin | intradermal (ID) |
medication placed under the tongue for fast absorption in the form of a dissolveable tablet | sublingual |
intradermal injections are given at what angle | 15 degrees |
an example of when an intradermal method of injection is used | tuberculin and allergy testing |
IM injections are given at what angle | 90 degrees |
a written order prepared by a licensed provider authorizing medication to be dispensed to a pt for administration is call a | prescription |
DAW written on a prescription means | dispense as written |
supplementary labels on a prescription bottle are to alert the patient of any | warnings or special instructions about the medication |
what are the seven rights of medication administration | patient,medication,dose,route,time,technique,documentation |
to ensure that the right medication is given, the order should be checked and verified how many times | three |
ac | before meals |
bid | twice a day |
npo | nothing by mouth |
pc | after meals |
po | by mouth |
prn | as needed |
qh | every hour |
Rx | prescription |
Sig | directions,dispense |
sol | solution |
STAT | immediately |
tid | three times a day |
gtt | drop |
MA's are allowed to administer medications by what routes unless otherwise stated by state law | oral,inhaled,topical,rectal,vaginal,injectable |
MA's may not access or do anyhing with what type of medication route | IV |
first step in preparing to draw up medication for injecton is to | clean the top of the vial with an alcohol swab |
when giving an IM injection what length and gage should the needle be | 1 to 2 inches and 20g to 23g |
what is the preferred site for IM injections on infants an small children | vastus lateralis |
what are other acceptable sites for IM injections on older children and adults | deltoid; ventrogluteal; vastus lateralis |
medication doses are usually measured in | g, mg, mcg, units |
insulin syringes come in | 100units |
100units is equal to | 1ml or 1cc |
one kg is equal to | 2.2lbs |
c | with |
x | except |
qhs | every hour of sleep |
qid | four times a day |
kg | kilogram |
mg | milligram |
ml | milliliter |
tab | tablet |
medications that can be given IM | analgesics(narcotics);antibiotics, steroids; vaccines; hormones |
medications that can be given SC | insulin; heparin; allergy shots;lovenox; narcotics |
what angle are subcutaneous injections given | 45 degrees |
what gage and length needle are used for SC injections | 23-25g; 1/2-5/8" |
when preparing to withdraw medication from a vial how much air should you inject into the vial prior? | the same amount of air is introduced as the amount of medication that you need to withdraw |
When performing an IM injection, what should you do to ensure that you are not in a major blood vessel?(except for vaccines) | aspirate |
the deltoid is located | 1-2 inches below the acromion process |
maximum volume that can be injected into the deltoid muscle | 1ml |
this refers to the lumen or opening of the needle | gage |
the smaller the # of the gage | the bigger the lumen of the needle |
the bigger the # of the gage | the smaller the lumen of the needle |
who documents IV insertion | the person who performed the procedure |
what injections are gently massaged after to disperse the medication with the exception of insulin; heparin; lovenox | IM and SC |
what gage and length needle are used for an ID injection | 25-27g; 3/8-1/2" |
what position is unacceptable for a patient when receiving an injection | standing |
what should you confirm just prior to administering an injection | the patients allergy status |
how long should a patient be monitored for signs of anaphylaxis following an injection | 20-30 minutes |