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drdonna Chapter 16
Term | Definition |
---|---|
direct instruction approach | teacher-centered method of teaching where the teacher controls instruction with high expectations of students |
constructivist approach | learner-centered approach that emphasizes individual's active, cognitive construction of knowledge and understanding with teacher guidance |
Montessori approach | philosophy of teaching children by givng considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing their activiteis and being allowed to move from one activity to the next as they desire |
Project Head Start | compensatory education designed to provide children from low-income families the opportunity to acquire skills needed for school success |
top-dog phenomenon | circumstance of moving from the top position in elemntary school to the youngest in middle school |
learning disabilities | signficant deficit in learning involving languge, listening, thinking, speaking, reading, writing, and math along with average or above average intelligence |
ADHD | a disorder in which individuals consistently show inattention, hyperactivity and/or impulsivity |
ASD | disorder characterized by problems with social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors |
LRE | setting that is similar to general classroom where child with disability can succeed |
inclusion | educating children with disabilities full-time in the general classroom |
IEP | a written plan that details the goals and objectives related to a child's learning capacity, specially constructed to meet his/her needs and provide educational benefits |
extrinsic motivataion | doing something to obtain something else |
intrinsic motivation | doing something for its own sake |
self-efficacy | belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes |
helpless orientation | orientation in which one seems trapped by the experience of difficulty and attributes one's difficulty to lack of ability |
mindset | cognitive vie individuals develop for themselves that either is fixed or involves growth |
mastery orientation | perspective in which one is task-oriented |