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WGU-IWC1-Part 10

Ethics and Virtue

TermDefinition
Judaism Monotheistic religion of the Jews based on the Torah; Jews believe that they are God's Chosen People meant to live a holy and ethical life
Christianity Monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, who is considered humanity's savior
Islam Monotheistic religion based on the Qur'an and teaching that there is only one God and that Mohammed is his prophet
Hinduism Dominant religion of India based on worship of many gods, including Brahma, and the teachings of the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita
Daoism Philosophical system based on the teachings of Laotzu; followers seek Dao (the "Way") which they believe governs the universe
Confucianism Philosophical system based on the techniques of Confucius, stressing moral order and harmony in thought and conduct
Jainism Ancient Hindu religion which emphasizes harmlessness (nonviolence) and renuciation
Gandhianism Philosophical system based on the teachings of Indian spiritual leader Mahatma Gandhi which stresses nonviolent resistance to evil
Vedas Ancient Hindu sacred writings
Sikhism Indian religion that separated from Hinduism in the 15th and 16th centuries; Sikhs believe in on God and the teachings found in their hold scripture, Guru Granth Sahib
Buddhism Religion originated in India by Siddhartha Gautama, the "Buddha"; Buddhists seek the path to enlightenment through physical and spiritual discipline
Smartism Hindu religious community that emphasizes choice in worship of the manifestations of God and emphasizes the teachings of Vedic texts.
Code of Hammurabi Legal code established by the sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, that covered civil, criminal, and commercial law.
Book of the Dead Early Egyptian texts that described the proper conduct needed for a happy afterlife
Mahabharata Major religious epic of ancient India and a major text of Hinduism
Duty-Driven Ethics Ethical system that emphasizes fidelity to principle and duty over the consequences of a moral action
Virtue Ethics Ethical system that emphasizes moral character and development of the virtues as a basis for moral action
Consequentialism Ethical system that judges a moral action by its outcomes or results.
The Virtues Those traits of character or admirable properties allowing humans to achieve a virtuous life
Divine Command Theory Philosophic approach where morality is whatever God (or the gods) command
The Golden Mean Desirable middle between two extremes, between excess and inadequacy, as defined by Aristotle
The Forms Plato's concept that there are ideas essences (the Forms) of objects or things
Platonic Virtues Plato's four virtues: Temperance, Courage, Reason and Justice
Hedonism The pursuit of pleasure as a matter of ethical principle
Qur'an Holy text of Islam
Torah The Hebrew Bible
Ten Commandments Moral rules given by God to the prophet Moses, according to the Hebrew Bible
Five Pillars Islamic duties of observing creed, praying, charity to poor, fasting during Ramadan, making pilgrimage to Mecca.
Golden Rule Christian precept: do to others what you would have them do to you
Five Great Vows Vows of non-violence, truth telling, non stealing, celibacy, and detachment undertaken by ascetics in Jainism
Four Noble Truths Buddhist teaching on four truths regarding suffering
Noble Eightfold Path Buddhist teaching of eight practices (right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration) for happiness and freedom
Five Great Relationships Key relationships for Confucianism (between father and son, elder brother and younger brother, husband and wife, elders and juniors, and ruler and his subjects)
Created by: efrady
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