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Infection Guidelines

5

QuestionAnswer
Infection Control Transmission - What is the most neurological condition to use these guidelines for in EEG? Creutzfeldt-Jakob and variants.
Infection Control Transmission - Goal: Emphasis on interrupting the spread of infection at the point of transmission between source and host.
Infection Control Transmission - Source: Reservoirs of infectious organisms. Organisms may be bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic, but most commonly bacterial or viral. People provide the source for the majority of infectious organisms; however, inanimate objects may also act as reservoirs.
Infection Control Transmission - Hosts: Sites for new infection; needs an opening or gate for an infectious organism to enter.
Infection Control Transmission - Modes of Transmission: Directly, from source to host; or indirectly, from source, to inanimate object, to host. There are five main routes of transmission; contact, droplet, airborne, common vehicle, and vector-borne.
Infection Control Transmission - Contact Transmission: One person to another person.
Infection Control Transmission - Droplet Transmission: Primarily through coughing, sneezing, talking, or during certain procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy.
Infection Control Transmission - Airborne Transmission: Dissemination of particles through the air or dust. The particles remain suspended in the air for long periods of time.
Infection Control Transmission - Common vehicle Transmission: Transmitted by items such as food, water, medications, and equipment.
Infection Control Transmission - Vectorhorne Transmission: Occurs through animals and insects such as rats and mosquitoes.
Infection Control Transmission - Two Isolation Categories: Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions.
Infection Control Transmission - Standard Precautions: Assume that every person is potentially infected or colonized with an organism that could be transmitted.
Infection Control Transmission - Transmission-Based Precautions: Provide supplemental practices for airborne, droplet, and contact infections. They are used in conjunction with Standard Precautions and for specific patients or conditions that are highly transmissible or significant.
Infection Control Transmission - When are Standard Precautions used? Used for all patients in all healthcare settings and apply to blood; all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat; non-intact skin; and mucous membranes.
Infection Control Transmission - Isolation Precautions: 1) Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette, 2) Safe injection practices, and 3) Use of masks for insertion of catheters or injection of material into the spinal or epidural spaces via lumbar puncture procedures.
Infection Control Transmission - Hand Hygiene: Plain or antiseptic-containing soap and water. If no visible soiling of the hands is seen, alcohol-based products are preferred over plain or antiseptic-containing soap and water due to their superior microbiological activity.
Infection Control Transmission - Hand Hygiene for Clostridium Difficile: Soap and water, rather than alcohol-based products, for mechanical removal of spores from hands is recommended.
Infection Control Transmission - When should you be sure to use good hand hygiene? After touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items, (if gloves are worn or not), b/t pts to avoid transfer to other pts or items and different procedures on the same pt to prevent cross-contamination of different sites.
Infection Control Transmission - Gloves: When touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items. Change before touching mucous membranes and non-intact skin, b/t procedures on the same pt after contact with other material, before touching computer or other equipment.
Infection Control Transmission - Mask, Eye Protection, Face Shield: To protect mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth during procedures and patient care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions, during sterile procedures, and on coughing patients.
Infection Control Transmission - Gown: To protect skin and to prevent soiling of clothing during procedures and patient care activities that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions.
Infection Control Transmission - Patient Care Equipment: Soiled with blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures, contamination of clothing, and transfer of microorganisms to the patients and environments.
Infection Control Transmission - Environmental Control: Ensure there are adequate procedures for the routine care, cleaning, and disinfection of environmental surfaces, beds, bed rails, bedside equipment, and other frequently touched surfaces.
Infection Control Transmission - Linen: Soiled with blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposures and contamination of clothing, and that avoids transfer of microorganisms to other patients and environments.
Infection Control Transmission - Occupational Health and Bloodborne Pathogens: Prevent injuries when using needles, scalpels, other sharp instruments, when cleaning, and when disposing of. Never recap used needles or otherwise manipulate them using both hands or any other technique that points a needle toward the body.
Infection Control Transmission - Patient Placement: Use a single patient room for patients who contaminate the environment or who cannot be expected to assist in maintaining appropriate hygiene or environmental control.
Infection Control Transmission - Airborne Precautions: Used in addition to Standard Precautions for pts known or suspected to be infected with airborne droplets. Place the pt in an airborne infection isolation room that has monitored negative air pressure, 6 to 12 air exchanges per hour.
Infection Control Transmission - Droplet Precautions: Used in addition to Standard Precautions for pts known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by large droplets during coughing, sneezing, talking, or procedures such as suctioning, cough induction by chest physiotherapy, and CPR.
Infection Control Transmission - What are some examples of Airborne illnesses? Measles, varicella, and tuberculosis.
Infection Control Transmission - What are some examples of droplet precaution illnesses? Influenza, diphtheria, mumps, and rubella.
Infection Control Transmission - Contact Illness Definition: Used in addition to Standard Precautions for pts known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by direct (pt) and indirect contact (surfaces). or patient care items in the patient's environment (indirect contract).
Infection Control Transmission - Contact Precautions: Use a single patient room or place the patient in a room with a patient who has active infection with the same microorganism but no other infections. Wear a gown and gloves when entering the room.
Infection Control Transmission - What are some examples of Contact Illnesses? Herpes simplex virus, impetigo, lice, and scabies.
Created by: kmburg5840
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