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Unit 6 1914-1990
chap 33-38
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Holocaust | At first Nazis encouraged Jewish emigration then they began to slaughter the Jews, and many others killing up to 6 million Jews. |
| Truman doctrine | 1947, stating that the U.S. would support "free peoples resisting subjugation". |
| The Great Depression | Weakening of global economy because of debts, lenders, want for raw material and agriculture depression. |
| World War I | Also known as the Great War, during 1914-1918. The Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire) vs. The Triple Entente (Russia, France, and Great Britain). |
| Black Thursday | October 24, 1929. Stock prices dropped, investors lost life savings. |
| Adolf Hitler | Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party. Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. |
| The New Deal | Promoted by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to protect banks, farms, public works and establish minimum wage, social security, workers' unions. |
| Lusitania | 1915, Germans sank the ship, a British passenger liner. Afterwards, U.S. declare war on Germany in 1917. |
| The Paris Peace Conference | 1919, Britain, France, and United States main leaders, Central Powers leaders not invited. A Paris Settlement. |
| Great Depression | The weaknesses of global economy. Debts- Germany and Austria borrowed money from United States, used it to pay reparations to Allies. Industrial innovations reduced demand for raw materials. |
| Archduke Francis Ferdinand | Was the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire. Assassinated in 1914 by a Serbian nationalist. |
| The western front | German thrust toward Paris, 1914, causing a halt at the river Marne. |
| New Weapons | Poisoned gas (Mustard Gas), armored tanks, airplanes, ad submarines. |
| The Twenty-One Demands | Designed to reduce China to a protectorate of Japan. |
| Joseph Stalin | Dictator of Soviet Union, Russian nationalist by conviction, and favored socialism in own country. Denounced by Khrushchev in 1956 (known as De-Stalinization). |
| Fourteen Points | Proposed by Woodrow Wilson. Included free trade, arms treaties, rights for colonials, an association of nations. |
| The Peace Treaties | 1919, Central Powers forced to accept war guilt and pay reparations for cost of war. Austria and Hungary were separated. Ex. Treaty of Versailles. |
| The League of Nations | Created to maintain world peace. To solve international disputes, relied on collective security. U.S. never joined. |
| First Five-Year Plan | Set production quotas, central state Planning of entire economy, and Emphasized heavy industry at expense of consumer goods. |
| Fascism | New political ideology of 1920s, a form of totalitarian government. |
| Mohandas K. Gandhi | Lived 1869-1948, also known as Mahatma or Great Soul. Leader of Indian nationalism. Taught tolerance and nonviolence. |
| Indian National Congress and Muslim League | Both organizations dedicated to achieving independence from Britain. |
| The Rape of Nanjing | Characterized war waged against civilians. In Nanjing, widespread rape and slaughter. |
| Pearl Harbor | A U.S. naval base attacked by Japan on December 7th, 1941. U.S. then declared war on Japan. |
| World War 2 | 1939 to 1945. The Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) vs. the Allied Powers (France, Poland, and U.K.). |
| Atomic Bomb | Or nuclear bomb. U.S. bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japan which ended World War 2. |
| The Marshall Plan | 1948, U.S. aid for the recovery of Europe. |
| Berlin, Germany | Divided between West and East Berlin. Soviet Union blocked West Berlin off but kept it supplied with U.S. help. The Berlin Wall was placed to stop the refugees from East to West Germany. |
| 38th parallel | Divided Korea, North and South in 1948. |
| Mao Zedong | People's Republic of China in 1949, a Chinese communist revolutionary. Reunified China under communist rule. |
| Cuba | Castro's revolutionary force overthrew dictator Batista in 1959, then seized U.S. properties. |
| Vietnam War | 1955-1975. North Vietnamese government fight to unite Vietnam under communist rule. |
| Great Leap Forward | An effort promoted by Mao Zedong to catch up with industrial nations in 1958-1961. |
| Deng's revolution | Deng Xiaoping regained power of China in 1981 and opened China to foreign influence. |
| Indira Gandhi | Nehru's daughter, prime minister of India, 1966-1977, 1980-1984 then her so,n Rajiv Gandhi, was elected in 1985. |
| The Iranian revolution | Anticommunist Shah Mohammed Pahlavi gain power in 1953 then repressive rule overthrown by Ayatollah Khomeini in 1979. |
| Iran-Iraq war | 1980-1988 Iraqi president Saddam Hussein attacked Iran. |
| Juan and Eva Peron | Juan was a militarist, president of Argentina (1946-1955). His wife Eva was known for her service to the poor. |
| General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade | Formed in 1947 to promote free trade. |
| Economic Globalization | Expanding trade, foreign investments, privatization of industry, free trade and free of state-imposed restrictions. |
| The Little Tigers | Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan indulge in export-driven industry in the 1980's. |
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | Established in 1960 to raise global oil prices by Cartel. |
| The European Union | 1957, A common market, free trade, free travel within the Union. |
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rayannekw
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