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Ch. 16 Solid & Haz W
Environmental Ecology- Solid and Hazardous Waste
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solid Waste | Any unwanted or discarded material that is not a liquid or gas (no further use) |
| Solid Waste Types | 1. Municipal Solid Waste 2. Industrial Solid Waste |
| Municipal Solid Waste | From homes and workplaces |
| Industrial Solid Waste | From industry and agriculture |
| Hazardous Solid Waste Characteristics | (Established by Federal agencies) Must be: 1. Chemically Reactive 2. Corrosive 3. Flammable 4. Toxic |
| U.S. Produces | 1/3 of all the world's solid waste |
| How to Reduce Solid Waste | Waste Management Waste Reduction |
| Waste Management | Reduce what we already have (after the fact) |
| Waste Reduction | Reduce what we will generate (before the fact) |
| Ways of Waste Management | 1. Bury Waste 2. Burn Waste 3. Transfer (storage) of waste |
| Bury Waste | In open dumps or in sanitary landfills |
| Open Dumps | Dig holes and cover with soil |
| Sanitary Landfills | Wastes spread out, compacted, covered daily with clay or plastic foam; underlying heavy plastic liners to prevent leaching into soil underneath |
| Burn Waste | 90% waste reduction by volume; but adds airpollution requiring expensive air pollution control devices |
| Storage of Waste | Liquid hazardous waste stored in surface impundments (ponds, pits, lagoons) with heavy plastic liners underneath to prevent leaching into underlying soil. |
| Deep Well Disposal | Liquid hazardous waste pumped into underground rock formations beneath aquifers |
| Waste Reduction | 1. Refuse 2. Reduce 3. Reuse 4. Recycle 5. Produce Less 6. Composting |
| Refuse | Do no buy un-needed items |
| Reduce | Lessen consumption of items |
| Recycle | Reuse existing waste items |
| Primary Recycling | Recycle and produce products of the same type Ex. Aluminum cans back into aluminum cans |
| Secondary Recycling | Materials recycled into different products. |
| Composting | The use of bacteria to decompose and recycle biodegradable organic waste Ex. Garbage, leaves, twigs, etc. |
| Toxicity of Heavy Metals from Waste | Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb)both are neurotoxins that are stored in body tissue and cause damage to the nervous system and brain tissue. Can't be broken down. Greatest risk is to fetuses and young children. |
| Mercury | 1/3 from Natural Sources 2/3 from Human Sources |
| Lead | From old pipes and paint |
| Chelation | Medical process to rid body of toxic heavy metal contamination |
Created by:
ginganinjaem
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