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Phonics
Basic phonics terms for reading intervention
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phoneme | The smallest sound unit of language that distinguishes one word from another |
| Digraph | Two letters that stand for a single phoneme (die to each other) |
| Syllable | Unit of pronunciation that consists of a vowel alone or a vowel with one or more consonants |
| Phonogram | A letter sequence comprised of a vowel graphemes and an ending constant grapheme. Using these we generate word families |
| Phonics | Basic phonetics is used to teach beginning reading. |
| Consonant | Sund makes by closing or striding the breath channel |
| Consonant blend | Sounds in a syllable represented by two or more letters that are blended together without loosing their own identities (bl in blue, gr in gray, br in brown) |
| Vowel | Sound made without closing or restricting the breath channel |
| Dipthong | Single vowel sound made up from gliding from one vowel sound to another (oi, ou) |
| R-controlled vowel | When a vowel is followed by the letter, r it affects the vowel sound so that the vowel is neither long or short |
| Schwa sound | An unstressed sound commonly occurring in unstressed syllables, - sounds like uh (about, occur, circus,npencil) |
| Grapheme | Letter or combination of letters that represent a phoneme. Here are three of these representing the phoneme "f" f in fine, gh in cough, and ph in elephant |
| Onset | The consonant sound that comes before the vowel sound. In the word mat, this is the m, and the rhyme is -at |
| Rime | The part of the syllable that includes the vowel sound and any consonant that comes right after it. In the word mat the at is the this. The m is the onset. |
| Closed syllable | A syllable that ends with a consonant sound (phoneme) example: come, run, love |
| Open syllable | Any syllable that ends with vowel sound (phoneme) example: see, e, may, a, auto- o |
| Breve | The orthographic symbol ~ placed over A vowel letter to show it is prononunced ad a short sound |
| Circumflex | The orthographIc symbol ^ placed over vowel grapheme to indicate pronunciation |
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