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Foy Ch. 17 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | The period from 1865-1877 following the Civil War during which the U.S. government worked to reunite the nation and to rebuild the southern states. |
| Ten Percent Plan | President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction; once 10 percent of voters in a former Confederate state took a U.S. loyalty oath, they could form a new state government and be readmitted to the Union. |
| Thirteenth Amendment | An 1865 constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | An agency established by Congress in 1865 to help poor people throughout the South. |
| Black Codes | Laws passed in the southern states during Reconstruction that greatly limited the freedom and rights of African Americans. |
| Radical Republicans | Members of Congress who felt that southern states needed to make great social changes before they could be readmitted to the Union. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | A law that gave African Americans legal rights equal to those of white Americans. |
| Fourteenth Amendment | An 1866 constitutional amendment giving full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, except for American Indians. |
| Reconstruction Acts | The 1867-1868 laws that put the southern states under U.S. military control and required them to draft new constitutions upholding the Fourteenth Amendment. |
| Fifteenth Amendment | An 1870 constitutional amendment that gave African American men the right to vote. |
| Ku Klux Klan | A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights. |
| Compromise of 1877 | An agreement to settle the disputed presidential election of 1876; Democrats agreed to accept Republican Rutherford B. Hayes as president in return for the removal of federal troops from the South. |
| poll tax | A special tax that a person had to pay in order to vote. |
| segregation | The forced separation of people of different races in public places. |
| Jim Crow laws | Laws that enforced segregation in the southern states. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | An 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the separate-but-equal doctrine for public facilities. |
| sharecropping | A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops. |
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