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Body Systems Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Respiratory System | Exchanges gases in the lungs |
Respiratory System functions | 1. Gets oxygen from air for body's cells (inhaling) 2. Gets rid of carbon dioxide waste from cells (exhaling) 3. Allows us to speak |
Respiratory System structures | Nose/sinuses, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi/Bronchioles, Lungs. |
Nose/Sinuses | make air warm, moist, and clean (hairs/mucus) Sinuses affect your voice. |
Pharynx | (throat) Both food & air pass. Epiglottis keeps you from choking. |
Larynx | (Vocal cords) |
Trachea | windpipe. |
Bronchi/Bronchioles | Smaller passages that split heading into the lungs |
Lungs | Spongey organs filled with Alveoli |
Alveoli | Tiny air sacs with two jobs: 1. Stuff O2 into capillaries 2. allow O2 into bronchioles. |
Respiratory Disorders | Bronchitis, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis |
Bronchitis | Irritation of bronchia passage causing coughing |
Cystic Fibrosis | Build-up of mucus in the lungs. Mucus must be loosened and coughed up very often |
Asthma | Bronchial passages inflame, shrinking up and making breathing difficult |
Respiratory System Homeostasis | By maintaining the proper amounts of oxygen and carbon in your blood |
Respiratory System Stimulus | Tiring muscles while exercising |
Respiratory System Reponse | Faster breathing rate to supply more oxygen to muscles |
Circulatory System | Network of heart and vessels moving blood through the body |
Circulatory System Functions | 1. Carries nutrients to cells from digested food 2. Carries oxygen to cells from inhaled air 3. Carries wastes from cells to kidneys and lungs 4. Fights diseases |
Circulatory System structures | Heart, blood, arteries, veins, capillaries |
Blood vessels | Lined with smooth muscles, ability to change thickness |
Artery | Carries blood away from the heart |
Vein | Carries blood back to the heart |
Capillary | Tiny vessel that connects arteries to veins. Gasses, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged with cells in these |
Blood | Made up of different cells & tissues |
Plasma | Yellowish clear liquid part of blood |
Platelets | Blood cells that clump together to make a clot |
Circulatory System disorders | Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, Heart Attack |
Atherosclerosis | Fat clogs inside your arteries |
Hypertension | (high blood pressure), heart works too hard |
Heart attack | Arteries feeding oxygen and nutrients to the heart gets blocked |
Red blood cells | carry oxygen to other blood cells |
White blood cells | Fight germs & eat dead body cells |
Chambers | Left Artium, Left Ventrical, Right Atrium, Right Ventrical |
Left Atrium | Recieves high O2 blood from lungs |
Left Ventrical | Pumps high O2 blood to body |
Right Atrium | Recieves low O2 blood from body |
Right Atrium | Pumps low O2 blood to lungs |
Heart | Made of cardiac muscle |
Cellular Respiration | Gluctose + O2 → water(waste) + CO2(waste) + Energy |
Breathing | The diaphragm muscle pulls down on the lungs, which creates a "vaccum" |
4 components of blood | Palsma, platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells |
What can cause high blood pressure? | Arteries get clogged with fat |
What can cause low blood pressure? | Broken blood vessel in body (internal bleeding) |