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Vocabulary
Vocabulary words for science quiz chapter 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
stress | the force that acts on rocks to change the rock's shape or volume |
deformation | the change in the shape or volume of the crust |
shearing | type of stress which pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions |
tension | type of stress which stretches rock |
compression | type of stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks |
focus | the point where an earthquake originates - underground |
epicenter | the point on the surface directly above the focus |
surface waves | the slowest of the seismic waves; the most destructive and cause severe damage |
primary waves (P waves) | the fastest and can travel through anything |
secondary waves (S waves) | not able to travel through water and are second fast |
seismograph | device used to record ground movements caused by seismic waves |
aftershock | an earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area |
creep meter | stretching wire raises a weighted pointer to show change and a strike-slip fault |
laser-ranging device | measures the amount of time it takes for a laser to reach a target on one side of the fault and bounce back and is great for seeing change along a divergent boundary where there is tension |
tilt meter | like a carpenter's level, great for showing a rise or fall in the ground |