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microbiology dr ray
test 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1.)who first saw the cells? | 1665-robert hooke reported that living things were composed of little boxes or cells |
2.)who first saw and described microorganisms? | 1673-1723 anton van leeuwenhoek described living organism |
3.)who disproved the thoery of spontaneous generation? | louis pasteur in 1861 demenstrated that microganisms are present in the air (pasteurs s shaped flask) |
4.)who disinfected surgical wounds reducing deaths due to infections? | english surgeon joseph lister in 1860, applied the germ thoery to medical procedures |
5.)who discovered the first synthetic drug used against microorganisms? | paul ehrlich, a german physician |
6.)who discovered the first antibiotic? | andrew flemming, observed that penicillum fungus made an antibiotic |
7.)who discovered the first vaccine? | edward jenner inoculated a person with cowpox virus, who then was protected from smallpox |
8.)who developed the steps for relating a microorganism to a disease? | robert koch proved that a bacterium causes anthrax and provided the experimental steps, kochs postulates |
9.)what are the "ologies" related to microbiology? | bacteriaology-study of bacteria mycology-study of fungi parastiology-study of protozon and parsitic worms |
10.)continued, what are the ologies? | immunology-immunity virollogy-viruses |
11.)what bacteria covering a solid surface is called what? | microbes attach to solid surfaces and grow into masses |
12.)what causes influenza? | h1n1 known as swine, avian h5n1 bird flu |
13.)bacterial shapes | bacillus (rod-shaped) coccus (spherical) spiral spirrilum vibrio spirochete |
14.)bacterial shapes (usually shaped bacteria) | star shaped rectangular |
15.)descriptive prefixes for bacterial colonies | pairs-diplococci-diplobacili clusters-staphylococci chains-streptococci-streptobacilli |
19.)what the geletanious external layer around some bacteria is called? | glycocalynx (sugar coat) is the general term used for substances that surround cells. (sticky) |
20.)flagellar terminology | long filamentious appendages that propel bacteria |