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Long Notes Lifespan
Characteristics & Basic Components of Normal Sensorimotor Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 General Principles of Control | Cephalo-caudal; Proximal-Distal (shou/pelvis to arms/legs); Gross-Fine |
| What else influences development? | Genetic Coding; CNS Maturation (dendrite growth & myelin development); Handling (babies need to be handled!) |
| Relationship between sensory & motor systems | Sensory drives motor; sensory myelinated first (vestibular very first) |
| Tactile Component of Movement & Motor Development | Influences early reflexes; Beginning of spinal mobility Lateral, child does head righting activities; Landau Reflex |
| Proprioceptive Component of Movement & Motor Development | Similar to tactile, esp. Landau/anything where baby WB thru abdomen |
| Visual Component of Movement & Motor Development | Optical Righting Rxn |
| Vestibular Component of Movement & Motor Development | Labyrinthine Reflexes (SCC help baby produce correct response) |
| Kinesthetic Component of Movement & Motor Development | Un/Sub-conscious awareness of position in space; helps with sense of speed of mvmt |
| Neurophysiological Characteristics | Plasticity (myelin/dendrites grow till 4th decade); Ssy/Motor feedback: have to have right feedback; Integration: motor system does this (Selects & coordinates mvmt) |
| Neurophysiological Characteristics | Normal mm tone: ethnicity; need enough tone to sustain posture but not too much to where oyu can't move out of position |
| How does a low tone baby "fix"? | Scapular elevation-- only way they can hold up head |
| What is fixing? | Bad co-contraction pattern; can happen & go away in normal children |
| Joint Mobility | Anti-gravity mm develop first, then they're used as part of coordinated mvmt; develops first horizontal (most mvmt on tummy/back) |
| Skeletal Articulation | Head connected to larynx, so baby with poor head control has trouble with feeding & speech |
| Kinematic Chain | more WB = more alerting; open WB is prone/supine |
| Horizontal vs. Vertical | Horizontal: minimal WB in prone/supine, so this is where baby begins to learn; Vertical: things moving, baby interacts better, WB; Horizontal before Vertical generally |
| Baby sitting sequence/continuum | Ring sit -> One leg out -> Side sitting |
| In what position does baby learn antigravity motions first? | Prone, then supine, then sidelying |
| What must you do to activate a muscle? | Elongate it first! |
| NWB is also considered...? | Anti-Gravity; Baby does most things in prone/supine for first 6 months |
| Random Movement | First time baby smiles, won't do it again on command, for example |
| Asymmetrical Movement | Primitive response, baby turning head to 1 side |
| Bilateral Symmetrical Movement | Right & Left move together (patty cake); Initiates midline orientation; Front/back also bilateral symmetrical, so is top/bottom; so is PoE |
| Alternate Reciprocal Movement | Bridging, bouncing on butt while lying on back |
| Unilateral Symmetrical Movement | Done in lateral flexion; Helps with rolling; Elongation on WB side activities |
| Bilateral Diagonal Movement | RALBA! Ex: creeping on hands/knees, sitting-> prone, anything with rotational component |
| Automatic Background Movements | Necessary for voluntary mvmt; Righting rxns, protective extension, equilibrium rxns |
| General Characteristics of Movement | Point/Base of Stability; Point of mobility (distal segments, move arms/legs with stable body); WS; WS followed by 1 or combo of: falling, protective extension, righting rxn, equilibrium |
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