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Social Study Guide
Social terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Isthmus | A narrow strip of land with sea on either side, forming a link between two larger areas of land |
| Hurricane | A storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean |
| Diaspora | The spread of people from one place to another |
| Biodiversity | A variety of different living things in a region or ecosystem |
| Tourism | Business of providing food, places to stay, and other services to visitors from other places |
| Deforestation | The loss of forest cover in a region that results from the trees in a forest being destroyed faster than they can grow back |
| Colony | A group of people living in a new territory with ties to a distant state |
| Encomienda | A legal system to control Native Americans in Spain's American Colonies |
| Hacienda | A huge farm or ranch in Spain's American Colonies |
| Independence | Right to rule ones self |
| Dictatorship | A government controlled by one person |
| Carnival | A religious festival in late winter observed by Roman Catholics celebrated in most Caribbean countries |
| Santeria | A Cuban religion that combines Catholic and West African beliefs |
| Microcredit | A small loan |
| Cuba | Havana |
| Jamaica | Kingston |
| Bahamas | Nassau |
| Haiti | Port-No-Prince |
| Dominican Republic | Santo Domingo |
| Puerto Rica | San Juan |
| Guatemala | Guatemala City |
| San Salvador | El Salvador |
| Honduras | Tegucigalpa |
| Nicaragua | Managua |
| Costa Rica | San José |
| Panama | Panama City |
| Maya | Indigenous group in CA. Excelled in astron, math, architecture & writing (hieroglyphics). By 900 AD this group had all but disappeared. Descendants of the Maya still live in Guatemala, Belize & Honduras. In Guatemala they are the largest ethnic group. |
| Arawak | Caribbean indigenous group who farmed, gathered & harvested shellfish. They used canoes for transport, lived in villages & were ruled by chiefs. |
| Carib | Caribbean indigenous group who farmed, gathered & harvested shellfish. They used canoes for transport, lived in villages & were ruled by chiefs. |
| Fidel Castro | Led a successful comm. rev. (Cuba). Communist govs. have no social classes & private property. The gov. controls the economy. Wanted to elim. gap between rich & poor. Healthcare and educa. was provided. Healthcare & literacy have improved. |
| Toussaint L’Ouverture | Slave who led the slave rebellion in the late 1700’s against France that resulted in the 1804 independence of Haiti. |
| The effects of colonization include | • many poor landless people who worked for the relatively few wealthy landowners • creation of haciendas • many Indigenous deaths • importation of African slaves • installation of the encomienda system • exported goods benefit Spain |
| The effects of the encomienda system | • Ind. pop. enslaved • African slaves r imported • heavy taxes on Ind. pop. • some ind. conversion 2 RC's • gen. & syst. oppression of Ind. & Af. pop. • created a small, wealthy landowning class • economy based on cc 4 export |
| Causes of the diaspora include | • widespread poverty • lack of jobs • lack of decent wages |
| Effects of diaspora include | • seasonal or permanent migration to other countries (USA, Canada, European) • employment • higher wages • remittances • breaks up families • cultural diffusion |
| Compare & Contrast Central American/Caribbean countries during colonization & after independence.......................During colonization | • creation of haciendas • deaths • import. of Af. slaves • creation of encom. syst. • poor people worked for few wealthy landowners • Spain in complete control of econ. & gov. • most people are poor & landless |
| After Independence (After colonization) | • new const. repubs. created, dependent on foreign markets • still grow cash crops on haciendas • exported goods benefit rich landowners • dictators are supported by rich landowners, keep oppressive syst. in place • most people are poor & landless |
| Show the progression of the development of government in this region | look on google doc. |
| Describe how ecotourism has impacted this region. | Ecotourism has had a positive impact on the economies of this region. It allows for economic development & money making from tourism, research & archeology. At the same time it includes environmental protection. |
| Describe how microcredit has impacted this region. | Microcredit had a positive impact on region. Allows farmers to get small loans which helps them grow crops better. Then able to pay back the loan + continue to get more money which allows them to improve they and their family’s standards of living. |
| Describe the positives & negatives of free trade in this region for different groups (farmers, factory workers, business owners, foreign investors)............positives | • creates jobs • increases trade • makes allies • increases competition which drives down prices for consumers • reduces or eliminates tariffs • creates wealth |
| Negatives | • creation of jobs may eliminate jobs somewhere else • drives down prices, reduces profits for biz. • env. damage • worker exploitation (poor working conditions, low wages) • only wealthier countries benefit |
| Changes in Cuba | Cuba was wealthy but people lived in poverty. Country became communist under Fidel. Goal was to get rid of rich and poor so gov. owned everything. Ec. Produc. did not keep up with needs so rationing set in which led to aid of SU. peeps had no free speech. |
Created by:
muellerkristen
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