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bp chapter5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| polis | a city-state of ancient Greece. |
| acropolis | a walled, high area surrounding a polis. |
| agora | an open area that served as a meeting place and market in early Greek city- states. |
| helots | in ancient Greece, state slaves. |
| hoplites | foot soldiers in ancient Greece |
| hubris | great pride |
| democracy | a government run by the people. |
| solon | Athenian statesmen; he introduced the first civil democracy in Greece and created boule. |
| tyrant | a strong man who seized power by force and claimed to rule for the good of the people. |
| cleisthenes | ancient Greek ruler often called " father of democracy". He increased the size of the council that governed Athens to 500, and he reorganized Athenian tribes on a geographical rather than familial basis. |
| direct democracy | the type of governing system where all people vote directly on an issue. |
| archon | a chief of state of ancient Athens. |
| phalanx | a military formation composed of rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder carrying pikes or heavy spears. |
| pericles | Athenian statesman; he encouraged the spread of democracy in Athens and the growth of the city -state's power. |
| socrates | Greek philosopher of Athens; his teaching style was based on asking questions. he wanted people to question their own beliefs. he was arrested and condemned to death for challenging authority. |
| plato | Greek philosopher; a student of Socrates, he started school in Athens called the academy. In the republic he describes an ideal society run by philosopher-kings. |
| aristotle | Greek philosopher and student of Plato; he taught that logic was the tool for any necessary inquiry; his work later became the basis for medieval scholasticism. |
| reason | clear and ordered thinking |
| logic | the process of making inferences |
| homer | Greek poet, he wrote the epic poems the liad and the odyssey, which tell stories set during and after the Trojan war. |
| lyric poetry | a type of poetry that gained its name from the lyre, an instrument played while poetry was sung. |
| herodotus | Greek historian; his most famous work is the histories, which describes major events of the Persian wars. |
| thucydides | Greek historian of Athens; he wrote the history of the peloponnesian war. he is regarded as the first critical historian and is often ranked as the greatest historian of antiquity |
| alexander the great | king of Macedon and conquer of much of Asia; he is considered one of the greatest generals of all time. |
| hellenistic | the blending of Greek cultures with those of Persia, Egypt, and central Asia following the conquests of Alexander the great. |
| euclid | Greek geometer; he created practical books on geometric forms and mathematics. his work formed the basis for later European studies in geometry |
| eratoshenes | Greek astronomer and geographer; he calculated the circumference of the globe using careful observations and simple geometry. |
| archimedes | Greek mathematician and inventor; he was known for his work in geometry, physics, and mechanics. |
Created by:
brucepetty
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