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Communications Ch 3
Perceiving and communicating w/ others
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The process of assigning meaning to sensory information and experiences, of others guide the way we talk to and about them | Perceptions |
| Self concept, past experiences, physical abilities, personality, and social environment are __________ that influence _________. | Factors; Perception |
| What are the 3 steps in the process of forming perceptions: | 1)Selection 2)Organization 3)Interpretation |
| __________ occurs when we focus on some sensory stimuli rather than others. | Selection |
| ___________ refers to personal relevance or interest and our choices of what is worthy of attention | Salience |
| During step 1 of forming perceptions (selection) __________ includes all sensations that seem to stand out from their surroundings. | Vividness |
| __________ __________ is the general theory that we learn new behaviors, customs, and routines by watching others. | Social Learning |
| The resistance to change and the tendency to maintain the same perceptions of people and events over time is ____________ __________. | Perceptual Constancy |
| The 2nd step in forming a perception, _________, occurs when we place stimuli in a category or mental box to give them meaning and aid our retention. | Organization |
| During organization (step 2), ____________ suggests that people interpret and act on experience based on a mental system of organizing knowledge. | Constructivism |
| ___________ __________ are categories by which people and events can be differentiated during Constructivism. | Personal Constructs |
| A ___________ is an ideal model or specific person, personality or phenomenon that exemplifies a set of characteristics during constructivism. | Prototype |
| During constructivism, __________ are generalizations about people based on their group affiliations, rather than their individual characteristics. | Stereotypes |
| __________ are guides to actions and expectations based on the way we have categorized our perceptions. | Scripts |
| While organizing perceptions, __________ __________ are strategies for thinking creatively and managing different perspectives. | Perception Shifts |
| When would perception shifts occur? | When people are willing to take risks and alter the way they see the world. |
| What can significantly speed up perception shifts? | New technologies |
| The 3rd step in forming perceptions, ___________, is the stage in the perception process in which we determine the meaning of an event or interaction. | Interpretation |
| _________ can often help us to interpret the meaning of someone's statement or actions and __________ allows us to draw conclusions based on unfinished, incomplete or limited information. | Context; Closure |
| While interpreting perceptions, assigning ____________ refers to the assignment of meaning to the actions of ourselves and others. | Attribution |
| What are the 2 types of attributions? | Internal and external |
| While interpreting perceptions, __________ in attribution can hamper our communication effectiveness because they lock us into narrow ways of understanding and responding to others. | Biases |
| Biases in attribution: _____________ _____________ _______ is the overestimation of the degree to which other people's behaviors are due to internal factors and underestimating the significance of external forces. | Fundamental Attribution Error |
| Another bias in attribution is _______-__________ _______: the tendency to attribute external causes to our own misfortune but not to those of others. | Self-serving Bias |
| The 3rd bias in attribution while interpreting perceptions is _____________ _________: the tendency to think better of attractive people than unattractive people and to make positive attributions about their behavior. | Attractiveness bias |
| The last bias in attribution is _________ _______ which is the attribution of our own motivations to someone else's behaviors. | Similarity Bias |
| What are the 4 bias in attribution during interpretation of perceptions? | 1)Fundamental Attribution Error 2)Self-serving Bias 3)Attractiveness Bias 4)Similarity Bias |
| Communicating responsibly requires perception guidelines. The first perception guideline is to _______ _______ ____________. | Own your perceptions |
| Being able to recognize why your perceptions might be different than your audience and that others may not share your perceptions are guides to ___________ __________ __________. | Owning Your Perceptions |
| The 2nd perception guideline is to ___________ ______________ __________. | Overcome Attributional Bias |
| Another perception guideline for communicating responsibly is to use __________ _____________ _________. | User perception checks |
| This is a tool that gauges the accuracy of your perceptions by engaging in conversations with others. | Perception Check tool |
| How would you be able to use a perception check tool? | 1)Describe the behavior you've observed 2)Acknowledge that there is more than one way to interpret the behavior 3)Ask for clarification |
| The last perception guideline is to practice _____________ __________. | Perspective Taking |
| The ability to accurately perceive the experience and behavior of another person is practicing ____________. | Empathy |
| Our __________ form the basis of interpretation about ourselves and others and we communicate based on those interpretations. | Perceptions |
| ____________ is also affected by the cultural context of interaction | Perception |
| We rely on ____________ to assign meaning to the behavior of others. | Attributions |
| _____________ are the basis for decisions about how to communicate appropriately and effectively because how we perceive people or events will influence our responses to them. | Perceptions |
| __________ is the audience use of conceptual categories that have been emphasized in the media. | Priming |
| ____________ is the stage of perception in which we determine the meaning of an event or interaction. | Interpretation |
| __________ is the assignment of meaning to the actions of ourselves and others. | Attribution |
Created by:
foster1317
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