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Science Ch 2
photosynthesis, respiration, cell division, cancer
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Interphase | Cell grows and makes copy of DNA |
Prophase | Chromosomes and spindle fibers form; nuclear envelope breaks down |
Metaphase | Chromosome line up across the center and detach to spindle fibers |
Anaphase | Cemtromeres split, chromatins seperate and move to opposite ends of the cell |
Telophase | Chromosomes stretch and get new nuclear envelope form around the chromosomes |
Cytokinesis | Cell pinches in two; Two new daughter cells are made and they both have the same number of identical chromosomes. |
Photosynthesis | The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food |
Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. ex: zebra, lion |
Pigments | Colored chemical compounds that absorb light |
Chlorophyl | The main photosynthesis pigment in chloroplasts |
Stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf, through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. |
6 CO2 + 6 H2O -------> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = what? | Photosynthesis |
Respiration | The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose |
Fermentation | An energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen |
Cell cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
Mitosis | The stage during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei |
Chromosomes | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin contains DNA that carries genetic information |
Cytokinesis | final stage, completes the process of cell division |
Cancer | A disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them |
Mutation | the change in a gene or chromosome |
Tumor | a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably |
Chemotherapy | The use of drugs to treat a disease. |