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Science Ch 5 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
asexual reproduction reproduction that requires only one parent and produces offspring that are genetic copies of the parent.
Binary fission a form of asexual reproduction in which a single parent cell replicates its genetic material and divides into two equal parts.
Budding A form of asexual reproduction in which areas of an individual may undergo repeated mitosis and cell division and can develop into an identical organism.
cancer the result of uncontrolled cell division.
cell cycle the three stages of the life of a cell, which include interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
centromere the structure that joins two sister chromatids together.
clone an identical genetic copy of an organism’s parent.
cytokineses the final stage of the cell cycle, which separates the two nuclei and cell contents into two daughter cells.
embryonic stem cells cells that can become any one of a sexually reproducing organism’s body cells.
fragmentation a form of asexual reproduction in which each fragment of an organism develops into a clone of its parent.
interphase the first and longest stage of the cell cycle.
mitosis the second and shortest stage of the cell cycle.
replication the process during which the cell copies the 3 billion base pairs of DNA information in the nucleus.
sister chromatids formed DNA replicates during interphase and joined together by a centromere.
spindle fibers tiny tube-like structures made of protein which chromosomes attach during a cell division .
spores reproductive cells that grow into new individuals by mitosis.
stem cells an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
vegetative reproduction reproduction in which special cells, usually in plant stems and plant roots, divide repeatedly to form structures that will eventually develop into a plant identical to the parent.
Created by: jacob.harris
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