Help

Options

focusNode

Didn't know it?
click below

Knew it?
click below

Don't Know

Remaining cards (0)

Know

retry

shuffle

restart

0:00

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Chapter 13: 1400s

Chapter 13 Flashcards Fifth Century ya dig

Question	Answer
Who was Zheng He?	A Chinese explorer.
Why was Zheng He important?	He explored as far as East Africa in 1405.
Why are Columbus' voyages known better?	Columbus' voyages changed the world, while Zheng Hu's voyages were less important globally.
Where were the Paleolithic groups in 1400?	Siberia, the Americas, and Australia.
In Australia alone, how many Paleolithic groups existed?	250
These Paleolithic groups in Australia had...	really modern tools but some did not farm.
While Australians settled in hunter-gather groups, the Northwest coast of North America held host to...	permanent village settlements.
The Northwest coast villages had what?	Large and sturdy houses and an extensive storage of food.
How was the government of the Northwest coast villages set up?	They had chiefdoms dominated by a powerful clan leader. They also had considerable economic specialization and they had society ranks that included slavery.
Where were the agricultural groups of the 1400s?	North America, the Amazon, and sub-equatorial Africa.
These agricultural societies were able to escape...	class inequalities, governmental oppressions, and gender seclusion.
Where can you find three different examples of these agricultural societies?	Nigeria.
What was Yoruba?	A series of city-states, each within a walled town.
Who ruled Yoruba?	An oba (king), which could sometimes be women.
The oba's performed what?	Both religious and political functions.
Who did Yoruba trade with?	Benin, Igbo, and the Songhay Empire in the north.
What was Benin?	A centralized territorial state.
Who ruled Benin?	A warrior king named Euware.
Why was Euware important?	He was said to have conquered 201 towns/villages. He sponsored extensive trading missions and patronized artists who created remarkable brass sculptures.
Who did Benin trade with?	Yoruba, Igbo, and the Songhay Empire in the north.
How is Igbo different from Benin and Yoruba?	They rejected kings and state-building efforts.
How was the government system of Igbo set up?	Through institutions in which wealthy men received a series of prestigious ranks, women held associations, hereditary ritual experts served as mediators, and there was a balance of power among kinship groups.
Igbo was a...	stateless society.
Who did Igbo trade with?	Yoruba, Benin, and the Songhay Empire in the north.
What was the Iroquois League?	A group of tribes in Northeastern North America.
What started the League (confederation)?	Warfare.
What started the warfare?	Since the women farmed, and the men were not needed, they turned to warfare.
What were the values of the Iroquois League?	Limited government, social equality, and personal freedom. These concepts inspired European colonists.
What does "matrilineal" mean?	Married couples lived with the wife's family and women controlled the agriculture.
What society lived by a matrilineal life style?	The Iroquois people.
Men did this, but selected women could dispose them.	Men were hunters, warriors, and the primary political office holders, but women could fix that. (they normally do)
Who tried to restore the Mongol Empire and when?	Timur, in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries.
Where did Timur's army of nomads attack?	Russia, Persia, and India.
Who is Timur compared to?	Chingiss Khan
Who squashed Timur's forces?	The expanding Russian and Chinese empires.
West Africa's largest pastoral society was the...	Fulbe
At first the Fulbe lived in ............ and adopted ............	small communities, Islam
Later on the Fulbe grew into ..... and led ....... to create new Fulbe states.	towns, lesser Jihads
What dynasty followed the Yuan dynasty?	The Ming Dynasty
Under the Ming Dynasty what happened?	China recovered from the disruption caused by Mongol rule and the ravages of the plague and had the best government and most prosperous of the world's major civilizations.
What expeditions did China undertake under the Ming Dynasty?	A large and impressive maritime expedition.
What did the Ming Dynasty bring back?	Confucianism and the civil service exam.
What were the Ming Dynasty against?	Foreign ideas.
What did the Ming Dynasty create?	An 11,000 volume encyclopedia.
What did the Ming Dynasty government have?	Eunuchs and state agriculture initiatives.
What was Zheng He's mission during his voyages?	To enroll distant peoples and states in the tribute system.
Zheng He's expeditions did what?	They served to establish Chinese power and prestige in the Indian Ocean and to exert Chinese control over foreign trade in the region.
Why were the voyages stopped when Emperor Yongle died?	His successors viewed expansion as a waste of time and resources.
Even though the government didn't support it, merchants...	kept trading in Japan and on the islands.
Who fought the Hundred Years' War?	France and England
Why was the Hundred Years' War fought?	France and England fought over rival claims to territory in France.
What made for a sharply divided Christendom in Europe?	Europe was a fragmented system of many separate, independent, and highly competitive states.
Who won the Hundred Years' War?	France, because Joan of Arc was awesome.
Did the Ming Dynasty ever have anything like the Hundred Years' War?	No, China controlled everything centrally.
What was the Renaissance?	A renewed cultural blossoming (rebirth).
Where did the Renaissance take place?	Europe and in the Ming Dynasty with the revival of all things Confucian.
In Europe, the cultural rebirth celebrated what?	Classical Greek traditions.
Where did the Renaissance start?	Northern Italy, among the rich.
What helped Italy?	A big population increase in 1450 and trade.
What subjects did the Renaissance pick up?	Philosophy, secularism, humanism, and rationalism.
What does the term Renaissance mean?	The rebirth of antiquity.
How do the Chinese and European oceangoing ventures differ size wise?	European ships were much smaller than Zheng He's hundreds of ships and thousands of crew members.
Give an example of the difference in size of the Chinese and European ships.	Columbus had 3 ships and a crew of 90, da Gama had 4 ships with a crew of 170. Obviously Zheng He's expeditions were much larger.
What were the Europeans motivations for their oceangoing ventures?	Europeans sought the wealth of Africa and Asia as well as Christan converts.
What were the Chinese motivations for their oceangoing ventures?	They just wanted to see what was out there. They weren't looking for military allies or to convert foreigners or seek to create colonies.
While China ended their voyages, Europe...	expeditions were the beginning of a journey to world power.
Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?	He was a Portuguese man who paid for explorers to go to western Africa by boat.
Who was Columbus?	An explorer and from Spain he went to the Americas, but he thought it was India.
Who was da Gama?	An explorer who made it around southern Africa to India.
What are the four types of Muslims?	The Ottomans, the Safavid, the Songhay, and the Mughal.
Where were the Ottomans?	In Anatolia, eastern Europe, much of Middle East, and the North Africa coast.
The Ottoman empire began in the __________ to early _________ century.	fourteenth, twentieth
Why did the Safavid empire emerge and where?	It emerged in Persia from a Sufi religious order.
When was the Safavid empire established?	After 1500.
How did the Safavid empire treat other religions that were not Shia Islam?	THEY HATED THEM AND MADE SHIA ISLAM THE RELIGION OF THE LAND
These two empires fought periodically between 1534 and 1639.	The Sunni Ottoman Empire and the Shia Safavid Empire.
Where was the Songhay empire?	West Africa
When did the Songhay empire arise?	The second half of the fifteenth century.
Who was Sonni Ali?	A man in Songhay who followed Muslim practices, but was regarded as a magician.
The Songhay Empire was a....	major center of Islamic learning/trade.
Where was the Mughal empire?	India.
When did the Mughal empire arise?	1526, when a group of Turks invaded.
Over the 16th century, the Mughals had...	gained control of most of India.
These four empires spread Islam as far as...	Southeast Asia.
Where was Malacca and what was it?	In modern Malaysia, which became a major port city for Islam. Played major role in the 1500s, due to spice exploration.
What two religions influenced these empires?	Buddhism and Hinduism
The Turkic Ottomans claimed the legacy of what earlier empire?	The Abbasid Empire; they sought to bring a renewed unity to the Islamic world. Also saw themselves as the successor to the Roman Empire.
Why did the Ottoman and Safavid empires fight?	Territorial rivalry and religious differences.
The Safavid Empire was ____ of the Ottoman Empire.	east
The Safavid Empire had strong ______ power.	military
Both the Safavid and Ottoman Empires were...	politically cohesive.
The Ottoman Empire was what type of Islam?	Sunni
The Safavid Empire was what type of Islam?	Shia
While the Shia version of Islam was the official religion of the Safavid empire, what was going on in the Ottoman Empire?	They tolerated other religions.
What marked the end of Christian Byzantium?	The Ottoman Empire's seizure of Constantinople in 1453.
What type of government did the Songhay empire have?	A monarch.
The Mughal Empire had inclusive policies to accommodate _____ subjects.	Hindu
Islam was a growing faith in Songhay but it was limited largely to....	urban cities.
What religions were practiced within the Mughal empire?	Islam, Hindu, and Christianity.
Malacca was strategically placed between what two cities?	Sumatra and Malaya.
During the 15th century, Malacca made the transformation from a small fishing village to...	a major Muslim port city and spread Islam throughout the region.
Malacca blended what two religions with Islam?	Hinduism and Buddhism.
What island did the Aztecs create on a lake in Modern Mexico city?	Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan had a what with two other states?	A Triple Alliance...a triforce...
What language did the Incas speak?	Quechua
Where was the capitol city of the Inca Empire?	Cuzco (Modern day Peru)
Where was the Inca Empire located?	The Andes mountains.
The Inca stated owned all the what?	The land.
What are quipus?	Stupid knotted cords that used to keep data.
What does the term "mita" mean?	Forced labor for the state in the Inca Empire.
What did the Inca empire force their conquered peoples to do?	Learn Quechua and travel to Cuzco to acknowledge the Inca gods.
Which empire was larger? The Inca or Aztec empire?	The Inca Empire.
What regions did the Aztec Empire control?	Some parts of Mesoamerica.
What regions did the Inca Empire control?	The whole Andean civilization.
What did the Aztec empire do with their conquered peoples?	Not much.
The Aztec extracted ______ from its population, while the Incas extracted ______ _____.	tribute, labor services
The Aztec had a system of commercial exchange based on what?	Merchants and free markets.
The Inca government played a large part in the __________ and _________ of goods.	production, distribution
What was the central to all of Aztec life?	The sun.
Why did the Aztecs perform ritual human sacrifice?	To replenish the sun's energy and to postpone the descent into endless darkness, they gave the sun life-giving force found in human blood.
How did the Aztecs come up with those humans used for ritual sacrifices?	Through their wars of expansion and from prisoners of war.
Within the home, what did the Aztec women do?	Cook, clean, spun and wove, raised their children, and undertook religious activities.
Outside of the home, what did the Aztec women do?	They served as officials, priestesses, traders, teachers and members of craft workers' organizations.
Within the home, what did the Inca women do?	Cook, clean, spun and wove, raised their children, and undertook religious activities.
In the Inca empire...	parallel hierarchies of male and female political officials governed the empire.
In the Andes, how did they carry out farming?	The men broke the ground, the women sowed, and both took part in the harvest.
What is "gender parallelism"?	When women and men operated in two separate but equal spheres.
What were "chosen women" in the Inca empire?	Young girls who were removed from their homes, trained in Inca ideology, and set to produce corn beer and cloth at state centers. Later on they were given as wives and sent to serve in temples.
How were Afro-Eurasian peoples linked?	Long established patterns of trade linked them but by the 15th century that was changing.
The deterioration of what major trade exchange, changed the link between the Afro-Eurasian peoples?	The Silk Roads, that had slowed down in the 15th century as the Mongol empire broke up.
What empire effected the link between the Afro-Eurasian peoples?	The Ottoman Empire.
While the land commerce was slowing down, what kind of trade was picking up?	Ocean commerce between Japan, Korea, and China and across the Indian Ocean.
What kind of growth came with the industrial revolution?	A population boom.
When did international trade really start?	After the 1500s.
What will make the modern human society?	Industrialization in the 1800s.
Who becomes the biggest influence on the rest of the world?	England, who spreads their language, religion, and science. The nice way and the hard way.
What is "firestick farming"?	They deliberately set fires to clear the underbrush for easier hunting.
Who was Niccolo Machiavelli?	An Italian Renaissance writer and politician.
What was Niccolo Machiavelli's most famous work?	"The Prince"
What were the Janissaries?	The elite infantry force of the Ottoman Empire.
The Janissaries were the first...	standing army since the days of the Roman Empire.
What was Timbuktu?	A great city of West Africa.
Why was Timbuktu important?	It was a center of Islamic scholarship.
Who made the Triple Alliance?	Mexica (Aztecs) and two nearby city states.
What did the Triple Alliance do?	It launched a highly aggressive program of military conquest, which in less the 100 years brought most of Mesoamerica under a single political framework.
Who were the pochteca?	Professional merchants in the Aztec Empire whose wealth often elevated them to elite status.
The culturally sophisticated capital of Timur's empire was....	Samarkand
The Chinookan, Tulalip, Skagit, and other peoples of northwestern North America were _______________ gathering and hunting cultures.	"complex" or "affluent"
What two societies did not share the same religion?	Mexican and Andean.

Created by: 1213RachelBlair

Popular World History sets

Ancient Egypt

Module 1 Essentials 2018-2019 (Shafer/Sheesley)

Module 2 Essentials 2018-2019 (Shafer/Sheesley)

Module 3 Essentials 2018-2019 (Shafer/Sheesley)

Chapter 1 quiz

"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries: