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* Science Exam *

Science Exam 4th Period 12/19/12

QuestionAnswer
Observing Using your senses to analyze something
Inferring To guess/predict
Stating Giving/saying FACTS
Prediction Guess/what you think will happen
Quantitative Description using numbers
Qualitative Description using characteristics
Scientific Inquiry Process scientists use to answer a question/problem
Problem A question a scientist has that he/she uses a scientific inquiry to figure out.
Hypothesis First step in scientific method. Educated guess based on observations.
Procedure The instructions for the experiment.
Data The items of information that you collect from the experiment.
Results The answer to the problem/question
Conclusion A summary of the results you collect from the experiment
Variables Factors that influence the outcome of an experiment
Manipulating The variable that you change in the experiment; independent
Responding The variable that changes as a result of the manipulating; dependent
Control Do not change; constant variable
Communication Results Sharing your results
Technology Changes the way people live, how people modify things to meet needs
Engineer A person who is trained to use technology and science to solve problems
Kilo 1000
Hecto 100
Deca 10
Unit 1
Deci 1/10th
Centi 1/100th
Milli 1/1000th
What do grams measure? Mass
What do liters measure? Volume
What do cubic centimeters measure? Volume
What do millimeters measure? Length/distance
What do kilograms measure? Mass
What do meters measure? Length/Distance
Biotic Living
Abiotic Non-Living
Dichotomous Key Method of categorizing using choices
Botany Study of plants
Binomial Nomenclature System of naming species; genus first, species second
Taxonomy Science of classifying
Classification Organization
Domain First level of classification hierarchy
Classification Hierarchy Levels of classification of species
Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing cells.
Cell A unit that all organisms are made up of
Unicellular An organism with only one cell
Prokaryotic Among tiniest of cells. Lack Membrane bound nucleus and organelle. Unicellular.
Eukaryotic 10x larger then pro. Have nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Multicellular An organism made up of more than one cells
Spontaneous Generation A generation popping up spontaneously.
Plasmid A circular loop where genetic information is stored
Capsule Protects bacterial cell
Cell Wall The outer layer of the cell that protects it
Plasma Membrane Determines what comes in and out of the cell
Ribosome Help make protein
Nucleoid Contains part of prokaryotic cell DNA
Pili Found on surface of bacteria
Flagella Moves around outer layer of cell
DNA Nucleic acid that carries genetic information
Cytoplasm Cell substance
Organelle Structure within a cell that performs a specific function
Nucleus "Boss" Conducts all cell functions
ER Transportation of cell materials
Centriole Found near nucleus
Golgi Apparatus Where proteins go after they have been made
Cytoskeleton Network of protein filaments and microtubles in the cytoplasm
Mitochondria Power source for cell
Lysosomes Cleans and disinfects
Vacuole Storage Site
Chloroplasts Organelle that carries out photosynthesis
Peroxisomes Break down and produce hydrogen peroxide
Chromosome Theory Theory that genes are located on chromosomes
Chromosome Genetic material of the cell
Chromatin Substance of the nucleus consisting of DNA, RNA, and other proteins
Chromatid Daughter strands of chromosomes
Nucleosomes Contains DNA
Autosomes 22 Pairs, 44 + 2 = 46 in all
Sec Chromosomes X or Y, determines sex of offspring
DNA Replication Process of making an identical copy
Mitosis When most cells reproduce
Stages of Mitosis In order they are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
Asexual Reproduction An organism capable of reproducing without a mate
Prophase First stage, when chromosomes become visible
Metaphase Second stage, when chromosomes become attached to spindle fibers
Anaphase Third stage, when the chromosomes separate
Telophase Fourth stage, when the chromosomes go to the separate ends of the nuclei
Adenine Thymine
Thymine Adenine
Guanine Cytosine
Cytosine Guanine
Carolus Linnaeus Creator of binomial nomenclature
Zacharias Jansen Gets credit for first microscope in 1595
Robert Hooke Described and named cells
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Created compound microscope
Galileo Worked out principals of lenses. Made focusing device
Louis Pasteur Invented heat process called pasteurization that helps kill bacteria
Francesco Redi Credited with creating the controlled experiment
Matthias Schlieden Discovered plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann Created cell theory, animals are made of cells
Rudolph Virchow Studied diseases
Max Knott, Ernst Ruska Invented electron microscope
Watson and Crick Credited for discovering shape of DNA (double helix) (relied on other scientists)
Rosalind Franklin Studies x-ray images of DNA. Crick and Watson stole her idea that the shape of DNA is a double Helix.
Walther Flemming Discovered chromosomes
Walter Sutton First scientist to provide evidence that chromosomes carry the cell's unit of inheritance
Science Study of why and how things happen
First scientists Romans
What does a scientist do when they make a discovery? They publish it
Scientific method The way to find the answer to a scientific method
Created by: kate_s
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