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Poetic Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Assonance | repetition of vowel sounds in words that are close to each other |
| End-Stopped | line contains a complete phrase or thought. Thus, with end-stopped poetry, you can expect that each line will end with some punctuation mark, typically a period, comma, semi-colon, or some other punctuation mark indicating the conclusion of a thought. |
| Enjambment | breaking phrases up in such a way that the end of a line does not coincide with the end of a phrase; the phrase ends somewhere in the next line. |
| Consonance | repeating the final consonant sounds of words. |
| Distich: | a unit of verse consisting of two lines. A rhyming couplet |
| Closed Couplet | A rhymed couplet forming a complete thought or syntactic unit, for example, "True wit is nature to advantage dressed,/What oft was thought, but ne'er so well expressed" |
| A heroic couplet | commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines. |
| Simile: | figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in "How like the winter hath my absence been" or "So are you to my thoughts as food to life" |
| Metaphor: | One thing conceived as representing another; a symbol. a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action that it does not literally denote in order to imply a resemblance, for example he is a lion in battle |
| Epic Simile | an extended simile that is used typically in epic poetry to intensify the heroic stature of the subject. An extended simile elaborated in great detail. |
| Synecdoche | figure of speech that expresses...more or less than it literally denotes. When a whole is used as the part or a part of a thing is put for the whole. EX-The world treated him badly." The whole world did not treat him badly only a part. |
| Metonymy: | Figure of speech in which one word is substituted for another with which it is closely associated. Some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience |
| figure of speech | that consists of the use of the name of oneobject or concept for that of another to which it is related, or ofwhich it is a part, as “scepter” for “sovereignty,” or “the bottle” for“strong drink,” or “count heads (or noses)” for “count people.” |
| Antithesis | contrary ideas expressed in a balanced sentence. It is the juxtaposition of two words, phrases, clauses, or sentences contrasted or opposed in meaning in such a way as to give emphasis to their contrasting ideas and give the effect of balance. |
| Hyperbole- | figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, as in I could sleep for a year or This book weighs a ton. |
| PUN | humorous use of a word or phrase so as to emphasize or suggest its different meanings or applications |
| Oxymoron | of speech in which two contradictory words or phrases are combined to produce a rhetorical effect by means of a concise paradox |
| Paradox | statement that is apparently self-contradictory or absurd but really contains a possible truth. Sometimes the term is applied to a self-contradictory false proposition. |
| Personification - | figure of speech in which abstractions, animals, ideas, and inanimate objects are endowed with human form, character, traits, or sensibilities. |
| Allegory | extended metaphor in which a person, abstract idea, or event stands for itself and for something else.. It usually involves moral or spiritual concepts which are more significant than the actual narrative |
| A figure of speech is | use of a word or words diverging from its usual meaning. It can also be a special repetition, arrangement or omission of words with literal meaning, or a phrase with a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words in it |
| Apostrophe | figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it were alive and present and was able to reply. EX: Busy old fool, unruly sun, Why dost thou thus, |
| Implied metaphor: | An implied or unstated metaphor is a metaphor not explicitly stated or obvious that compares two things by using adjectives that commonly describe one thing, but are used to describe another comparing the two. |
| Understatement: | refers to the intentional downplaying of a situation's significance, often for ironic or humorous effect. |
| Mixed Metaphor: | succession of incongruous or ludicrous comparisons. EX: "Her saucer-eyes narrow to a gimlet stare and she lets Mr. Clarke have it with both barrels." |
| Blazon: | A poetic catalogue of a woman’s admirable physical features |
| ANAPHORA | The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines. EX: "I needed a drink, I needed a lot of life insurance, I needed a vacation, I needed a home in the country. What I had was a coat, a hat and a gun." |
| EKPHRASIS | and detailed literary description of any object, real or imaginary. Most commonly used to denote the description of a picture (or other tangible work of art) within a narrative; |
| SATIRE | A work of literature that ridicules vice or folly in ideas, institutions or individuals. Although a satiric work treats its subject with varying degrees of amusement and scorn, its ultimate purpose is to bring about improvement by calling attention |
| CHIASMUS | ). a verbal pattern (a type of antithesis) in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first with the parts reversed. EX: "Nice to see you, to see you, nice!" |
| Zeugma: | use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. |
| Terza rima | rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme. |
| IN MEDIAS RES | (Latin = "into the middle of things") Applied to the common technique by which a narrator begins the story at some exciting point in the middle of the action. |
| Slant Rhyme: | In prosody, two words that have only their final consonant soundsand no preceding vowel or consonant sounds in common (such asstopped and wept, or parable and shell). |
| ALLITERATION — | Repetition of the same sound beginning several words in sequence. |
| CONCEIT | An unusually far—fetched or elaborate metaphor or simile presenting a striking parallel between two very dissimilar things or situations. |
| Elision: | Omission of a final or initial sound in pronunciation. Omission of an unstressed vowel or syllable, as in scanning a verse. |
| A caudate sonnet | an expanded version of the sonnet. It consists of 14 lines in standard sonnet forms followed by a coda (Latin cauda meaning "tail", from which the name is derived). |
Created by:
hayleycmacleod
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