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Science Chemicals
Chemical
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ways to speed up a reaction | Volume Heat Temperature Human Help Energy |
| Neutralisation reactions | base gets added to an acid and removes the h+ ions. this reaction is called a neutralisation reactions because neutral water molecules are formed. |
| alkalis | Bases which are soluble in water are called Alkalis |
| Concentration | This is the amount of substance in a given volume. Increasing the concentration will increase the number of particles available to react and therefore there will be more collisions and the rate of reaction will increase |
| Surface Area | If surface area increases, more particles are available for collisions to occur and therefore the rate of reaction will increase. |
| Collision theory | Collision theory states that in order for a chemical reaction to occur, particles must collide with sufficient energy to break the bonds of the reactant. If the energy is not great enough, the reaction will not occur. |
| Temperature | If temperature of a reaction increases the rate of the reaction will increase because 1. Particles are moving faster 3. Particles have more energy therefore more of the collisions will be successful. |
| Acid + base = | Salt + water |
| Acid + metal= | Hydrogen + salt |
| Acid + carbonate= | Water + carbon dioxide + salt |
| Metal + oxygen = | Metal oxide |
| Metal + water = | Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen |
| Copper | Cu |
| Magnesium | Mg |
| Zinc | Zn |
| Aluminium | Al |
| Iron | Fe |
| Tin | sn |
| Lead | Pb |
| Silver | ag |
| Gold | Au |
| Calcium | Ca |
| Sodium | Na |
| Potassium | K |
| Oxygen | O |
| Hydrogen | H |
| Carbon | C |
| Sulphur | S |
| Nitrogen | N |
| Universal Indicator | Used to indicate the pH of a solution-usually in a solution form |
| Salt | Compound formed when a metal reacts with an acid |
| Compound | A substance made up of different atoms bonded together |
| pH scale | Used to indicate the pH of a substancce |
| Neutalise | to make a pH of a solution equal 7 |
| Hydroxide ions | the ions released when alkalis dissolve in water |
| Hydrogen ions | A positively charged hydrogen atom |
| Acidic solution | A soultion with an excess of H ions |
| Litmus | Turns from blue to pink or red when in an acidic soultion |
| Hydrogen Test | Lighted stick makes this gas explode with a pop |
| Carbon dioxide test | Clear lime water turns milky when shaken in this gas |
| Acid | a chemical which releases H ions into solution - has a sharp, sour taste |
| Base | A chemical which removes H ions from solution (have a soapy feel.) |
| Mercury | Hg - A metal that is a liquid at room temperture |
| Oxygen | O - A as that is flammable |
| Hydrogen | H - A gas element that makes up 20% of the atmosphere |
| Silicon | Si- A non-metal element that was used to make a computer chips |
| Iron | Fe- An element that nails are made of |
| Caron | C - the element that diamonds are made of |
| Chlorine | Cl- A non-metal element used as a disinfectant in swimming pools |
| Aluminium | Al - A metal element that is very light - good for plaanes |
| Copper | Cu- A metal element that is used to make electrical wires |
| Gold | Au- A precious metal used for jewellery |
| Uranium | U - A radioactive element -used for nuclear fuel |
| Sulfur- | S- a non-metal element that produces acid rain |
| The speed a reaction goes at is called | rate of reaction |
| Increase the temperature- | The atoms speed up and therefore are more likely to collide with others they have more energy. |
| Increase concentration- | There are more atoms so more collisions |
| Increase surface area- | There are more atoms available for collisions |
Created by:
kahn
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