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PNF Motor Contol
PNF Techniques (Not all notes included)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is mobility? | Ability to initiate movement through a functional range of motion |
| What is stability? | Ability to maintain a position or posture through contraction & tonic holding around a joint Ex: Unsupported sitting with midline control |
| What is controlled mobility? | Ability to move within a weight-bearing position or rotate around a long axis Ex: Activities on prone on elbow or weight shifting in quadruped |
| What is skill? | Ability to consistently perform functional tasks & manipulate the environment with normal postural reflex mechanisms & balance reactions Ex: ADLs & community locomotion |
| What is the goal of rhythmic rotation (RR)? | Mobility |
| What are the indications for rhythmic rotation (RR)? | Relaxation of excess tension in muscles (hypertonia)combined with PROM of the range-limiting muscles |
| What is the goal of rhythmic initiation (RI)? | Mobility |
| What are the verbal cues used in rhythmic initiation (RI)? | "Let me move you"; "Help me move you"; "Move against the resistance"; "Move on your own" |
| What are indications for rhythmic initiation (RI)? | Inability to relax; Hypertonicity (spasticity/rigidity); Difficulty initiating mvmt; Motor planning deficits (apraxia/dyspraxia); Motor learning deficits; Communication deficits (aphasia); Mvmt too slow/fast |
| What are the goals of alternating isometrics (AI)? | Stability Strength |
| What are indications for alternating isometrics (AI)? | Weakness; Decreased ability to change direction of motion; Exercised mm begin to fatigue |
| What are goals of rhythmic stabilization (RS)? | Mobility Stability |
| What are indications for rhythmic stabilization (RS)? | Impaired strength & coordination; Limitations in ROM; Impaired stabilization, control, & balance |
| What is the goal of normal timing (NT)? | Skill |
| What is the goal of joint distraction? | Mobility |
| What are indications for joint distraction? | Inability of flexor muscles to function in mobilizing or anti-gravity patterns |
| What are the goals of agonistic reversals (AR)? | Controlled mobility Skill |
| What are indications for agonistic reversals (AR)? | Weak postural mm; Inability to eccentrically control body weight during mvmt transitions; Poor dynamic postural control |
| What is the goal of contract-relax (CR)? | Mobility |
| What are the indications for contract-relax (CR)? | Limitations in ROM |
| What is the goal of hold-relax (HR)? | Mobility |
| What are the indications for hold-relax (HR)? | Limitations in PROM with pain |
| What is the goal of hold-relax active movement (HRAM)? | Mobility |
| What are indications for hold-relax active movement (HRAM)? | Marked weakness; Inability to sustain a contraction in the shortened range |
| What are the goals of repeated contractions (RC)? | Mobility Strength |
| What are indications for repeated contractions (RC)? | Impaired strength; Initiation of movement; Fatigue; Limitations in AROM |
| What is the goal of timing for emphasis (TE)? | Strength |
| What are indications for timing for emphasis (TE)? | Weakness &/or incoordination |
| What are the goals of resisted progression (RP)? | Skill Strength |
| What are indications for resisted progression (RP)? | Impaired timing & control of lower trunk/pelvic segments during locomotion; Impaired endurance |
| What are goals of slow reversal (SR)? | Stability Controlled mobility Skill |
| What are indications for slow reversal (SR)? | Impaired strength, stability, & balance |
| What are goals of SR hold (SRH)? | Stability Controlled mobility Skill |
| What are indications for SR hold (SRH)? | Impaired strength, stability, & balance |
| What is the goal of shortened held resisted contraction (SHRC)? | Stability |
| What is the goal of slow reversal hold through decrements of range (SRHDR)? | Stabiliity |
| What is the goal of slow reversal hold through increments of range (SRHIR)? | Controlled mobility |
| When is SRHDR used? | When pts have increased mobility; Helps move into mid-line for stability; Gradually ask for holds closer & closer to mid-line |
| When is SRHIR used? | Done b/t agonists & antagonists without relaxation b/t patterns. Holds applied farther & farther from mid-line. Quick stretch may be applied to facilitate movement into more range. |
| What are mass movements? | All joints flex or extend. Movements seen early in developmental sequence. Mass withdrawal from danger (flexion); protective supporting reflex (extension) |
| What are advanced movements? | Same movement seen at the proximal and distal joint while the intermediate joint does the opposite movement. More advanced than mass movements. |
| What are associated reactions? | Involuntary limb movements on the hemiparetic side of a CVA patient elicited when tension is developed in another part of the body |
| What is a contralateral reflex response? | Isolated to flex/ext UEs- resisted mvmt evokes same mvmt that was resisted from contralateral UE LEs- resisted mvmt evokes opposite mvmt that was resisted |
| What is homolateral limb synkinesis? | Flexion of the affected UE evokes flexion of the LE on the affected side |
| What is Raimiste's Phenomenon? | Isolated to add/abd; Resistance to add of the hip on 1 side will evoke add in opposite hip. Same is true of resisted abduction. This also occurs at the shoulder |
| What if Souque's Phenomenon? | Raising the involved UE above 100 degrees with elbow extension will produce extension & abduction of the fingers |
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1190550002
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