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science test L.S. 2
science vocab./study guide cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal | Related to the stomach and intestines. |
| Infection | A growth of germs in your body. |
| Organelle | A specialized structure in a cell. |
| Chloroplast | An organelle that contains green chlorophyll used in photosynthesis. |
| Eurkaryote | An organism whose cells have nuclei. |
| Prokaryote | A single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus. |
| Microbe (or microorganism) | An organism that can be seen only through a microscope. |
| Spore | In bacteria, a dormant stucture that allows the bacterial cell to survive unfavorable conditions. |
| Metabolism | The combination of chemical reactions that takes place in an organism; food is converted into enery that the organism uses to cary out its life process. |
| Case study | An observation of a person or group to use as model. |
| Microbiology | The study of microorganisms. |
| Agar | The jelly-like substance in petri dishes. |
| Infectious agent | Something that can get inside your body, multiply, and cause disease. |
| What are the 3 parts of cell theory? | 1)All living things are composed of cells. 2)Cells are the basic units of stucture and function in living things. 3)All cells are produced of existing cells. (made up of other cells) |
| Common cold and polio. | Commom cold: coughing and sneezing. rhinovirus or adenovirus. no cure, can treat symptoms. spread by coughing. Polio: poliomyelitis virus. muscle weakness and paralysis. no cure, vaccine. spreads from feces or hand to mouth. |
| Chickenpox and smallpox. | Chickenpox: varicella virus. scrathy/itchy rash, sores, high fever,abdominal pain, vague sick feeling. no cure, can treat symptoms.spread by droplet Smallpox: variola virus. small itchy spots,high fever,death. no cure, vaccine. spread by: contact w/sores |
| Mono(mononucleosis) | Virus. spread by kissing, coughing, sneezing, sharing cup/glass. fever, sore throat, headaches, white patches on back of throat, sore muscles, not hungry, swollen glands in neck, feeling tired. immune,can't get it again. remains in body for life. |
| E. coli infection | bacteria. spread by person-to-person contact. bloody diarrhea, fever abdominal cramps, vomiting, death, kidney failure. no cure. |
| Lyme disease | bacteria. fever headache muscle or joint pain, bull's-eye rash. taking out bug/tick. |
| Pneumonia | bacteria. coughing, lack of oxegyn. antibiotic-fewer people get it. spread by droplet transmission. |
| When carrying a microscope always support the... | arm and base. |
| when placing/removing a slide, the ___ objective lenses should be in place. ONLY use coarse adjustment knob when the ___ objective lens is in place. | low, low |
| How do you determine the power of magnification? | eyepiece x objective lens = power of magnification. |
| Which diseases have been nearly eradicated? | measles and rubella |
| Viruses: charachteristics, how they spread from person to person. | smaller than bacteria. microbe. can't survive on own-need host. can only reproduce inside cells. droplet transmission(breathe, sneezing, coughing) |
| Viruses: reproduction | virus attaches to cell membrane of host. injects genetic material or enters host. host makes new viruses. new viruses are released. host cell dies viruses invade new cells. |
| What are the differences between plant and animal cells? | plant cells can make their own food through photosynthesis. plant cell-square, animal cell-round. |
| What are the similarities and differences between viruses and bacteria. | viruses-much smaller(microbes)good and bad bacteria-only bad viruses. bacteria live everywhere, viruses can't survive on own. |
| What are some ways to reduce the spread of germs? | wash your hands, wear clean clothes, wash your clothes, don't cough/sneeze on others, cough in elbow, excersize, bathe/shower everyday, get your shots, eat healthy, don't share food, etc. |
| What are the types of germs? | bacteria and viruses |
| How does sickness and germs relate to food handling? | Bacteria can grow when food isn't stored properly, and it can get you sick. |
| Control variables | variable you will keep the same. |
| Dependent variable (responding) | variable you are measuring |
| Manipulated/independent variable | variable you will change in your experiment ("I" means I am in control of it) |
Created by:
useurbrain
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