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Chapter 7 Ethan

A.P. World History Chapter 7 Stack by Ethan (Sorry it's late)

QuestionAnswer
What was the Zapatista Army of National Liberation? A dramatic expression of Mayan revival.
What were some North and South American Civilizations? The Maya and Moche.
African civilizations? Meroe, Axum, and the Niger River valley.
How much of the population did classical Eurasia make up? 80%
What was the population of people during the classical era? 250 million.
How much of the population was Africa? 11%
How much of the population was the Americas? 5-7%
Differences of Africa and Eurasia? Absence of domesticated animals for most of Africa's history.
Differences between Americas and Eurasia? No mettalurgy in Americas, lack of widespread writing system.
Similarities of African and American civilizations? Small population in those civilizations.
What was Africa's most distinctive geographical feature? Because it was bisected by the Equator, it is the most tropical of the three main continents.
What was an important feature geographically and culturally for African civilizations? Its proximity to Eurasia.
What were the three African regions? Northeastern Africa, the Niger River basin, and the vast world of Bantu-speaking Africa south of the equator.
What civilization lay south of the Nile river? The Nubians.
What did the Nubians regularly do? Conquer and be conquered by Egypt.
Where did Nubian civilization flourish most? In the southern city of Meroe, during 300 BCE to 100 BCE.
What were Meroean rulers buried with? Human sacrifices.
Who usually ruled the Kingdom of Meroe? A woman.
What caused the decline of the Kingdom of Meroe? Deforestation used for charcoal to smelt iron.
What officially ended the Nubian civilization? The conquest by the state of Axum.
When was Christianity removed as the main religion? After Arab immigration and the penetration of Islam.
Where was Axum located? Modern Eritrea in northern Ethiopia.
What seperated Axum from the rest of African civilization? It had a plow-based agriculture.
What caused the emergence of Axum as a substantial state? Its participation in Red Sea and Indian Ocean commerce.
What was the Axum language used? Geez for courts and commerce, and Agaw for everything else.
What were some famous Axum buildings? Large stone obelisks near 100 feet tall.
When was Axum introduced to Christianity? The 4th century C.E.
Who adopted Christianity as Axum's religion? King Ezana.
How far did Axum's imperial expansion go for? Into the Kingdom of Meroe and across the Red Sea into Yemen in South Arabia.
When did the Axumite army reach Mecca? By 571.
What brought people to the Niger Flood Plain? A prolonged drought during the five centuries after 500 CE.
Jenne-jeno? City in the Niger River valley that housed more than 40,000 people.
What did the Niger River valley cities resemble? The cities of the Indus River valley.
What was one of the specialized occupations of the Nigr River valley? Iron smithing.
What metals were found in the city of Jenne-jeno? Iron, copper, and even gold.
When did large-scale states and empires emerge in the Niger River valley? In the second millenium CE.
Bantu? Collection of 400 distinct but closely related languages.
What was one factor for Bantu farmers replacing foragers and hunters? The introduction of iron to people with stone-age technologies.
Where did some hunters and gatherers survive into modern times? The Kalahari region of southwestern Africa.
What was a name of the hunters and gatherers who survived? The San and Batwa.
What did Bantu not place their emphasis on in terms of religion? A High or Creator God.
Mesoamerica? The area stretching from central Mexico to northern Central America.
When did the Maya begin? 2000 BCE in ceremonial centers.
Tikal? Mayan city that held 50,000 people, had 50,000 people in the surrounding countryside.
On what date was the last Mayan date inscribed? 909 CE.
What was the population of Teotihuacan? Estimated to be between 100,000 and 200,000.
Temple of Feathered Serpents? Temple that holds remains of 200 people who were apparently unwilling sacrificial victims.
What does Teotihuacan mean? "The city of the gods"
Chavin de Huantar? Small city of 2000-3000 people, with a complicated civilization.
Who governed the Moche? Warrior-priests who lived atop huge pyramids.
Pyramid of the Sun? Large pyramid constructed from 143 million sun-dried bricks.
When did the Moche civilization end? The eighth century CE.
Tiwanaku? City of 40,000 to 50,000 that flourished in the first millenium CE.
When did permanent village life take hold in North American civilizations? 600 to 800 CE.
Chaco Phenomenon? Phenomenon that spanned 25,000 miles and joined five major pueblos.
Pueblo Bonita? "pretty village"
When did the Hopewell culture start to take shape? Between 200 BCE and 400 CE.
Features of the Hopewell culture? Striking burial mounds and goemetric earthworks.
Cahokia? Near present day St. Louis, flourished from about 900 to 1250 CE.
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