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ABI-12
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Anterograde amnesia | The inability to learn new long-term declarative information |
Aspiration | Pathological inhalation of food or mucus into the respiratory tract |
Benign tumor | noncancerous, which do not invade other body tissues or spread to other body parts. However, may become life threatening as they cause increasing deficits with cell growth, because they press upon nearby structures and tissues |
Coma | A non-sleep loss of consciousness associated with unresponsiveness to touch, pain, sound, or movement that lasts for an extended period |
Coup-contrecoup injury | situation in which direct brain damage is incurred in traumatic event as the cerebrum rotates on the more stable brainstem while accelerating from the force of impact; cerebrum strikes the skull (coup) & then accelerates in the opposite direction |
Decerebrate rigidity | An extensor posture of all limbs and/or the trunk |
Decorticate rigidity | Flexion of the upper, but extension of the lower, limbs |
Executive functions | A broad band of skills that allow an individual to engage in independent, self-directed behavior. Includes volition, planning, purposeful action, & self-awareness; Ex. functions involve the ability to formulate context-appropriate goals & to initiate, ... |
Heterotopic ossification | The formation of bone in soft tissue and periarticular location. Early clinical signs include warmth, swelling, pain, and decreased joint motion. Common join for heterotopic ossification are the shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee |
Hydrocephalus | The abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain |
Malignant tumor | Composed of abnormal cells that multiply rapidly, with the ability to invade, or metastasize into other tissues |
Metastasis | the spread of a disease from one organ or part to another nonadjacent organ or part |
Mild acquired brain injury (TBI) | Clinically identified as a loss of consciousness for <10 minutes or amnesia, a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) rating of 13 to 15, no skull fracture on physical examination, and non-focal neurological examination |
Moderate acquired brain injury (TBI) | Hospitalization of at least 48 hours, an initial GCS rating of 9 to 12 or higher |
Physiatrist | a physician specializing in rehab medicine |
Procedural learning | the ability to learn new motor, perceptual, or basic cognitive behaviors |
Retrograde amnesia | loss of memory of events that occurred prior to the injury |
Severe acquired brain injury- | Loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia for more than 24 hours, a GCS raging of 1 to 8. |