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Diabetes-11
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Autonomic neuropathy | form of peripheral neuropathy; group of SX that occur when there is damage to the nerves that manage everyday body functions such as BP, HR, bowel & bladder emptying & digestion; ex; diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) & cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) |
Diabetic foot | A person who has diabetes is at increased risk for slow-healing injuries to distal extremities. It is caused by decreased vascularization; the risk of an infection that does not heal is higher. One possible intervention is limb amputation |
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) | State of medical emergency; life-threatening condition caused by a state of relative insulin deficiency, marked by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, metabolic acidosis, & electrolyte depletion. Often the 1st presenting sign of type 1 diabetes; common |
Hemoglobin A1c level (HbA1c) | The average concentration of glucose in the blood over a 6-week to 3-month time period, with levels >6.5% diagnostic of diabetes |
Hyperglycemia | An abnormally high concentration of glucose (115 to 139 mg/dL) in the circulating blood, especially with reference to a fasting level; high blood sugar |
Hypoglycemia | an abnormally small concentration of glucose in the circulating blood, that is, 50 mg/dL in men & <45mg/dL in women; low blood sugar |
Ketonuria | Condition in which ketone bodies are present. Ketones are waste products from the body’s breakdown of fat for energy, high concentrations of which leads to DKA |
Nephropathy | Any disease of the kidney |
Neuropathy | pathology of the nervous system |
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) | Leads to impaired would healing, tissue hypoxia, and decreased mobilization of white blood cells to infected tissues; occurs at an earlier age and at a rate of two to four times higher in people with diabetes |
Peripheral neuropathy | Most common SX include burning pain; stabbing, pricking, or tingling sensation; pathologic skin sensitivity; or deep aching pain; commonly DX among people w/diabetes; diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) - most common complication for patients w/diabetes |
Polydipsia | Excessive thirst that occurs frequently |
Polyphagia | Excessive eating |
Polyuria | Excessive excretion of urine |
Retinopathy | Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina |
Type 1 diabetes | A disease in which the pancreas stops producing insulin as a result of autoimmune destruction of cells |
Type 2 diabetes | A disease where the body cells are insulin resistant |